网络刷单类诈骗心理操纵机制与反制劝阻策略应用

Psychological Manipulation Mechanisms in Online Fake Ordering Scams and Countermeasures for Prevention and Intervention

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归属院系：

刑事侦查学院

作者：

陈露

导师：

向静

导师单位：

刑事侦查学院

学位：

硕士

语种：

中文

关键词：

网络刷单类;心理操纵机制;反制策略;劝阻话术

摘要：

近年来，电信网络诈骗持续高发，其中网络刷单类诈骗因其高度心理操控性、强伪装性特征，已成为侵害群众财产安全的主要犯罪类型之一。该类诈骗不仅造成巨额经济损失，更通过系统化诱导使被害人陷入“自愿受骗”的认知闭环，严重削弱社会风险防范意识。在打击与预防实践中，侦查机关面临多重劝阻问题，其根源在于对网络刷单类诈骗背后阶段性心理操纵机制缺乏深入解构，反制劝阻策略未能实现与被害人心理进程的精准契合。本文从侦查学、心理学、经济学等多学科视角出发，综合运用文献研究法、案例分析法和实证调研法，探讨网络刷单类诈骗的心理操纵机制与反制劝阻问题，对该类案件的侦查劝阻难点进行归纳，并提出相应对策，以便推动此类案件的侦查劝阻。文章共由以下五部分组成：第一部分，介绍本文的研究背景及意义，梳理国内外研究现状、研究方法与创新点。从侦查角度出发，提出当前网络刷单类诈骗案件的高发性，整理文献资料，分析目前国内外研究现状可以看出，国内研究多聚焦刷单类诈骗的机制分析或宏观策略上，对心理操控过程及其干预逻辑缺乏系统剖析；国外研究主要聚焦于被害人维度，并延伸至社会学、经济学视角的交叉分析，但尚未系统从心理机制层面分析被害人上当受骗的原因。因此，本文从文献研究法和实证研究法出发，总结反诈民警在劝阻网络刷单类案件时遇到的问题，提出相应对策，以期为解决此类案件的侦查劝阻难点提供参考和指导。第二部分，介绍相关核心概念与理论依据，首先厘清网络刷单行为与网络刷单诈骗的含义，随后系统介绍心理操纵机制和反诈劝阻，之后分析网络刷单类诈骗的理论依据，奠定文章的理论基础。在侦查学层面，依托侦查认识、侦查价值与侦查系统理论，为后续分阶段、差异化、协同化的反制策略提供方法指引；在心理和行为决策层面，引入知情意心理过程与非理性行为决策理论，用以解构诈骗者的心理操控逻辑。第三部分，系统分析网络刷单类诈骗流程，通过对C市Y区2022年至2024年3700余起案件的实证分析，提炼出“欲望刺激期——入群蜜月期——转台任务期——追资避险期”四阶段诈骗过程。每一阶段均对应特定的心理效应：在欲望刺激期，诈骗者运用互惠效应、亲和效应等，激发被害人逐利欲望；在入群蜜月期，诈骗者使用羊群效应、虚假同感偏差和登门槛效应，制造社会认同感，被害人逐步得到返利奖赏；在转台任务期，诈骗者使用凡勃仑效应、路径依赖和趋近动机，使被害人加大投入；在追资避险期，诈骗者利用认知失调效应、内在归因偏差和霍布森选择效应，利用“账户冻结”“操作错误”等借口，套牢被害人。第四部分，结合实际办案案例，归纳当前侦查劝阻工作面临的三大难点。首先是被害人自身的心理特征直接制约着劝阻效果，包括被害人“自我合理化”“权威服从”“沉没成本”的心理壁垒，其次是民警在劝阻实践中面临信任机制薄弱、深度沟通能力不足、精细化劝阻话术缺失等难题。最后在整个劝阻中，存在智能预警系统能力滞后，部门协同效率偏低，易感人群精准宣防缺位的问题。第五部分，总结当前反诈民警劝阻所面临的困难，针对上述难点，对被害人心理进行靶向干预策略，瓦解被害人自我合理化的认知，破除诈骗者的虚假权威，阻断沉没成本驱动的非理性追投行为，提升反诈民警以共情为核心的初始信任建立能力，强化深度沟通干预机制，构建分场景化的系统劝阻话术。此外还要健全反诈劝阻协同支撑体系，形成高危语义识别的智能预警系统，健全快速响应的多部门协同联动机制，聚焦认知穿透的易感人群精准宣传。第六部分，本文拓展了当前对网络刷单类诈骗的研究视角，突破了以往聚焦技术防控或法律规制方面的研究，将心理学机制深度融入劝阻实践中。同时，呼吁学界和实务部门加强对网络刷单类诈骗心理操控模式、被害人易感特征及话术演化规律的系统研究，持续积累典型案件与干预案例，为构建科学化、标准化的劝阻体系提供实证支撑。

参考文献：

一、中文参考文献（一）著作类1.[美] 哈礼雅特·B·布瑞克：《操纵心理学》，李璐译，北京：民主与建设出版社，2020版。2.任惠华：《侦查学原理》，北京：法律出版社，2023版。3.任惠华主编：《侦查学教程》，北京：法律出版社，2019版。4.林崇德主编：《心理学大辞典》，上海：上海出版社，2003版。5.倪春乐主编：《电信网络诈骗案件侦查》，北京：知识产权出版社，2023版。6.王晓伟：《电信网络诈骗常见骗术揭秘与防范》，北京：中国人民公安大学出版社，2021年版。7.向静：《刑事司法精神医学与刑侦实务》，北京：法律出版社，2016年版。（二）论文类8.张钊：“网络刷单类电信诈骗心理控制机制及其防控措施研究”，《网络技术与应用》，2022年第12期。9.皮子昕，罗震雷：“刷单返利网络诈骗的心理诱导机制与防范策略”，《广西警察学院学报》，2023年第4期。10.孟凡骞，周伟龙：“网络复合式刷单诈骗心理控制的形成及阻断”，《湖北警官学院学报》，2023年第1期。11.向静，刘亚岚：“‘杀猪盘’电信诈骗犯罪的心理控制机制剖析”，《中国人民公安大学学报（社会科学版）》，2021年第4期。12.赵展：“被害人心理视角下电信网络诈骗犯罪防控”，《辽宁警察学院学报》2024年第5期。13.宋平，王佳：“电信网络诈骗被害人被劝阻时心理特点及劝阻策略”，《中国刑事警察》，2022年第4期。14.赵悦，蒋丽华，张汪：“电信网络诈骗劝阻困境及应对策略”，《公安研究》，2024年第5期。15.谢玲：“电信网络诈骗反‘洗脑’研究”，《中国刑警学院学报》，2023年第1期。16.王君贤，张浩：“电信网络诈骗犯罪预警劝阻的现实意义问题检视及发展路径”，《云南警官学院学报》，2023年第4期。17.徐学锋：“行为金融视角下金融机构管理者非理性决策行为分析”，《企业经济》，2010年第4期。（三）其他类18.公安发布十大高发电信网络诈骗类[EB/OL].[2023-06-15].https://www.mps.gov.cn/n2253534/n2253535/c9077804/content.html.19.“贯彻二十大 建设新重庆 ”系列主题新闻发布会（第十一场）[EB/OL].[2024-01-03].https://www.cq.gov.cn/igixmj/gkzxft/202401/tlnterview_21251.html.20.公安部发布十大高发电信网络诈骗类[EB/OL].[2024-06-25].http://www.mps.gobbv.cn/n2253534/n2253535/c9629527/contene.html.二、外文参考文献（一）著作类21.Cassandra C，Karen H＆Roberta L. “‘If U Don’t Pay they will Share the Pics’:Exploring Sextortion in the Context of Romance Fraud,”Routledge, 2024.（二）论文类22.Monica T W＆Tom B, “The online dating romance scam:The psychological impact on victims-both financial and non-financial,”Criminology and Criminal Justice,2015.23.Julianne W＆Jacqueline M D. “Policing advance fee fraud (AFF): Experiences of fraud detectives using a victim-focused approach,”International Journal of Police Science&Management,2017.24.Ni Pf＆Yu W, “A Victim-Based Framework for Telecom Fraud Analysis:A Bayesian Network Model,”Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience,2022.25.Alves L M＆Wilson S R, “The Effects of Loneliness on Telemarketin Fraud Vulnerability Among Older Adults,”Journal of Elder Abuse&Neglect,2008.26.Lin K, Wu Y, Sun I Y, et al,“Telecommunication and cyber fraud victimization among Chinese college students :An application of routine activity theory,”Criminology&Criminal Justice,2023.27.Chen J .“‘You are in Trouble!’:A Discursive Psychological Analysis of Threatening Language in Chinese Cellphone Fraud Interactions,”International Journal for the Semiotics of Law,2021.28.Ye N,Chen L＆Zhao Y,“Identity construction of suspects in telecom and internet fraud discourse:rom a sociosemiotic perspective,”Social Semiotics,2019.29.Goode S＆Lacey D, “Detecting complex account fraud in the enterprise:The role of technical and non-technical controls,”Decision Support Systems,2011.30.Antonczyk R C＆Sntonczyk A J, “Venture capital and risk perception,”Journal of Business Economics,2012.31.John C＆John E, “Some hypotheses about risk in venture capital investing,”Journal of Business,1991.32.Nikolaus F，Marc G＆Dietmar H, “What you are is what you like—similarity biases in venture capitalists' evaluations of start-up teams,”Journal of Business Journal of Business Venturing,2006.33.Hartmann.U,“Imagination und Begehren:Überlegungen zu den Determinanten mannlic her Sexualitat.Psychotherapie,”Psychosomatik,medizinische Psychologie,1994.34.Gabriele S＆Filippo A,“A few misunderstandings about reciprocal altruism,”Communicative & integrative biology,2010.35.Roderick J,“Commentary on‘Working onsumers:Co-creation of brand identity,consumer identity, and brand community identity,’”Journal Of Business Research,2017.36.Fock H,Chan AKK,Yan DF,“Member-organization connection impacts in affinity marketing,”Journal Of Business Research,2011.37.Asseraf Y＆Shoham A,“Destination branding:The Role of Consumer Affinity,”Journ al of Destination Marketing & Management,2017.38.Coker.B,“Arousal enhances herding tendencies when decision making,”Journal Of Consumer Behaviour,2020. 39.Pham M，Vo N K T＆Tran S S T,“How does herd behaviour impact the purchase intention?Explore the moderating effect of risk aversion in the context of Vietnamese consumers,”Acta Psychologica,2023.40.Oostrom J K.Köbis N C＆Ronay R,“False consensus in situationl judgment tests:What would others do？”Journal of Research in Personality,2017.41.Edward C＆Myrna W,“Own experience bias in evaluating the efforts of others,”Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization,2020.42.Bartonicek A＆Colombo M,“Claw-in-the-door:Pigeons,Like Humans,Display the Foot-in-the-Door Effect,”Animal Cognition,2020.43.Geboers H＆Depaire B,“A Rational Risk Policy?Why Path Dependence Matters,”Entropy(Basel),2023.44.Jakimowicz A,“Path Dependence in Neoclassical Economic Growth Theory,”ACTA PHYSICAPOLONICAA,2015.45.Crowell A＆Schmeichel B J,“Approach Motivation and Cognitive Resources Combine to Influence Memory for Positive Emotional Stimuli,”Cognition&Emotion,2016.46.Abigail A S＆Cornwell J F M,“Should We Approach Approach and Avoid Avoidance? An Inquiry from Different Levels,”Psychological Inquiry,2019.47.Klein J＆McColl G,“Cognitive Dissonance: How Self-Protective Distortions Can Undermine Clinical Judgement,”Medical Education,2019.48.Chung S H＆Cheng K C,“How Does Cognitive Dissonance Influence the Sunk Cost Effect?Psychology Research and Behavior Management,”psychology Research and Behavior Management,2018.

学科：

侦查学

提交日期：

2026-08-28

引用参考：

陈露. 网络刷单类诈骗心理操纵机制与反制劝阻策略应用[D]. 西南政法大学,2026.

全文附件授权许可：

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 网络刷单类诈骗心理操纵机制与反制劝阻策略应用
  • dc.title
  • Psychological Manipulation Mechanisms in Online Fake Ordering Scams and Countermeasures for Prevention and Intervention
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20230301Z31159
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 陈露
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 刑事侦查学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2026
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 侦查
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 向静
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 刑事侦查学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 网络刷单类,心理操纵机制,反制策略,劝阻话术
  • dc.subject
  • online fake orders; psychological manipulation mechanism; countermeasure；dissuasive rhetoric
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 近年来，电信网络诈骗持续高发，其中网络刷单类诈骗因其高度心理操控性、强伪装性特征，已成为侵害群众财产安全的主要犯罪类型之一。该类诈骗不仅造成巨额经济损失，更通过系统化诱导使被害人陷入“自愿受骗”的认知闭环，严重削弱社会风险防范意识。在打击与预防实践中，侦查机关面临多重劝阻问题，其根源在于对网络刷单类诈骗背后阶段性心理操纵机制缺乏深入解构，反制劝阻策略未能实现与被害人心理进程的精准契合。本文从侦查学、心理学、经济学等多学科视角出发，综合运用文献研究法、案例分析法和实证调研法，探讨网络刷单类诈骗的心理操纵机制与反制劝阻问题，对该类案件的侦查劝阻难点进行归纳，并提出相应对策，以便推动此类案件的侦查劝阻。文章共由以下五部分组成：第一部分，介绍本文的研究背景及意义，梳理国内外研究现状、研究方法与创新点。从侦查角度出发，提出当前网络刷单类诈骗案件的高发性，整理文献资料，分析目前国内外研究现状可以看出，国内研究多聚焦刷单类诈骗的机制分析或宏观策略上，对心理操控过程及其干预逻辑缺乏系统剖析；国外研究主要聚焦于被害人维度，并延伸至社会学、经济学视角的交叉分析，但尚未系统从心理机制层面分析被害人上当受骗的原因。因此，本文从文献研究法和实证研究法出发，总结反诈民警在劝阻网络刷单类案件时遇到的问题，提出相应对策，以期为解决此类案件的侦查劝阻难点提供参考和指导。第二部分，介绍相关核心概念与理论依据，首先厘清网络刷单行为与网络刷单诈骗的含义，随后系统介绍心理操纵机制和反诈劝阻，之后分析网络刷单类诈骗的理论依据，奠定文章的理论基础。在侦查学层面，依托侦查认识、侦查价值与侦查系统理论，为后续分阶段、差异化、协同化的反制策略提供方法指引；在心理和行为决策层面，引入知情意心理过程与非理性行为决策理论，用以解构诈骗者的心理操控逻辑。第三部分，系统分析网络刷单类诈骗流程，通过对C市Y区2022年至2024年3700余起案件的实证分析，提炼出“欲望刺激期——入群蜜月期——转台任务期——追资避险期”四阶段诈骗过程。每一阶段均对应特定的心理效应：在欲望刺激期，诈骗者运用互惠效应、亲和效应等，激发被害人逐利欲望；在入群蜜月期，诈骗者使用羊群效应、虚假同感偏差和登门槛效应，制造社会认同感，被害人逐步得到返利奖赏；在转台任务期，诈骗者使用凡勃仑效应、路径依赖和趋近动机，使被害人加大投入；在追资避险期，诈骗者利用认知失调效应、内在归因偏差和霍布森选择效应，利用“账户冻结”“操作错误”等借口，套牢被害人。第四部分，结合实际办案案例，归纳当前侦查劝阻工作面临的三大难点。首先是被害人自身的心理特征直接制约着劝阻效果，包括被害人“自我合理化”“权威服从”“沉没成本”的心理壁垒，其次是民警在劝阻实践中面临信任机制薄弱、深度沟通能力不足、精细化劝阻话术缺失等难题。最后在整个劝阻中，存在智能预警系统能力滞后，部门协同效率偏低，易感人群精准宣防缺位的问题。第五部分，总结当前反诈民警劝阻所面临的困难，针对上述难点，对被害人心理进行靶向干预策略，瓦解被害人自我合理化的认知，破除诈骗者的虚假权威，阻断沉没成本驱动的非理性追投行为，提升反诈民警以共情为核心的初始信任建立能力，强化深度沟通干预机制，构建分场景化的系统劝阻话术。此外还要健全反诈劝阻协同支撑体系，形成高危语义识别的智能预警系统，健全快速响应的多部门协同联动机制，聚焦认知穿透的易感人群精准宣传。第六部分，本文拓展了当前对网络刷单类诈骗的研究视角，突破了以往聚焦技术防控或法律规制方面的研究，将心理学机制深度融入劝阻实践中。同时，呼吁学界和实务部门加强对网络刷单类诈骗心理操控模式、被害人易感特征及话术演化规律的系统研究，持续积累典型案件与干预案例，为构建科学化、标准化的劝阻体系提供实证支撑。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • In recent years, telecommunications network fraud has continued to occur frequently. Among them, online click farming fraud, characterized by its high degree of psychological manipulation and strong disguise, has become one of the main types of crimes that infringe on the property safety of the public. Such fraud not only causes huge economic losses but also systematically induces victims to fall into a cognitive loop of "voluntarily being deceived," severely weakening social awareness of risk prevention. In the practice of combating and preventing such crimes, investigative authorities face multiple issues of dissuasion. The root cause lies in the lack of in-depth deconstruction of the phased psychological manipulation mechanisms behind online click farming fraud, and the counter-dissuasion strategies fail to accurately align with the psychological processes of victims.This article explores the psychological manipulation mechanisms and countermeasures against online fake order fraud from the perspectives of investigation science, psychology, economics, and other disciplines. It comprehensively utilizes literature research, case analysis, and empirical research methods to summarize the difficulties in investigating and dissuading such cases and proposes corresponding countermeasures to facilitate the investigation and dissuasion of such cases. The article consists of the following five parts:The first part introduces the research background and significance of this paper, reviews the current research status, research methods, and innovations both domestically and internationally. From the perspective of investigation, it highlights the high incidence of current online fake order fraud cases. By sorting out literature and analyzing the current research status at home and abroad, it can be seen that domestic research mostly focuses on the mechanism analysis or macro strategies of fake order fraud, lacking a systematic analysis of the psychological manipulation process and its intervention logic. Foreign research mainly focuses on the victim dimension and extends to cross-analysis from sociological and economic perspectives, but has not yet systematically analyzed the reasons why victims are deceived from the perspective of psychological mechanisms. Therefore, this paper, based on literature research and empirical research methods, summarizes the problems encountered by anti-fraud police officers when dissuading online fake order fraud cases and proposes corresponding countermeasures, aiming to provide reference and guidance for solving the difficulties in investigating and dissuading such cases.The second part introduces relevant core concepts and theoretical bases. Firstly, it clarifies the meanings of online fake orders and online fake order fraud, then systematically introduces psychological manipulation mechanisms and anti-fraud dissuasion, and subsequently analyzes the theoretical basis of online fake order fraud, laying the theoretical foundation for the article. At the level of investigation, relying on theories of investigation cognition, investigation value, and investigation system, it provides methodological guidance for subsequent phased, differentiated, and collaborative countermeasures. At the level of psychology and behavioral decision-making, it introduces the cognitive, affective, and volitional psychological processes and theories of irrational behavioral decision-making to deconstruct the psychological manipulation logic of fraudsters.In the third part, the process of online fake order fraud is systematically analyzed. Through empirical analysis of over 3,700 cases in Y District, City C, from 2022 to 2024, a four-stage fraud process is refined: "desire stimulation period - joining honeymoon period - task transfer period - capital chasing and risk aversion period". Each stage corresponds to a specific psychological effect: in the desire stimulation period, fraudsters use reciprocity effect, affinity effect, etc. to stimulate victims' desire for profit; in the joining honeymoon period, fraudsters use herd effect, false consensus bias, and threshold effect to create a sense of social identity, and victims gradually receive rebate rewards; in the task transfer period, fraudsters use Veblen effect, path dependence, and approach motivation to make victims increase their investment; in the capital chasing and risk aversion period, fraudsters use cognitive dissonance effect, internal attribution bias, and Hobson's choice effect, using excuses such as "account freeze" and "operation error" to trap victims.In the fourth part, based on actual case handling examples, we summarize the three major difficulties faced by current investigation and dissuasion work. Firstly, the psychological characteristics of the victims themselves directly restrict the effectiveness of dissuasion, including psychological barriers such as "self-rationalization", "authority obedience", and "sunk costs". Secondly, police officers face challenges in dissuasion practice, such as weak trust mechanisms, insufficient in-depth communication skills, and the lack of refined dissuasion techniques. Finally, throughout the entire dissuasion process, there are issues such as lagging capabilities of intelligent early warning systems, low efficiency in departmental coordination, and a lack of targeted prevention and publicity among vulnerable groups.In the fifth part, we summarize the difficulties faced by anti-fraud police officers in dissuasion efforts. Based on these difficulties, we propose targeted intervention strategies for the psychology of victims, dismantling their self-rationalization cognition, breaking down the false authority of fraudsters, preventing irrational investment behavior driven by sunk costs, enhancing the ability of anti-fraud police officers to establish initial trust centered on empathy, strengthening the deep communication intervention mechanism, and constructing scenario-based systematic dissuasion scripts. Furthermore, we aim to improve the collaborative support system for anti-fraud dissuasion, establish an intelligent early warning system for high-risk semantic recognition, enhance a rapid response multi-departmental collaborative linkage mechanism, and focus on precise promotion among susceptible groups with cognitive penetration.In the sixth part, this article expands the current research perspective on online fake order fraud, breaking through previous research that focused on technical prevention or legal regulation, and deeply integrating psychological mechanisms into dissuasion practices. At the same time, it calls on academia and practical departments to strengthen systematic research on psychological manipulation modes, victim susceptibility characteristics, and discourse evolution laws of online fake order fraud, continuously accumulate typical cases and intervention examples, and provide empirical support for building a scientific and standardized dissuasion system.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-06-02
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2026-05-23
  • dc.relation.citedreferences
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