监察对象界定研究

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归属院系:

行政法学院

作者:

蔡雨薇

导师:

张震

导师单位:

纪检监察学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

全覆盖;监察对象;公权力

摘要:

国家监察体制改革的目的是构建党领导下的“集中统一、权威高效”的国家监察制度。在国家监察体制改革之前,党内监督实现了对党员的全覆盖,《行政监察法》覆盖的对象是行政机关及其工作人员,两者均不能实现对公职人员的全覆盖。检察机关对国家工作人员职务犯罪行为进行查处,但却无法及于国家工作人员的职务违法行为。国家监察体制改革,将原来分散的反腐败职能集中、统一、优化,实现了“国家监察全覆盖”。《中华人民共和国监察法》(以下简称《监察法》)指出要对所有行使公权力的公职人员监察全覆盖。为保证实现《监察法》的立法目的,将监督力量延伸和覆盖到所有公职人员,确保监察工作有序高效进行,合理合法界定监察对象意义重大。笔者在界定监察对象时,将其分为普通监察对象和特殊监察对象,普通监察对象即《监察法》第十五条前五项明确列举的五大类监察对象,对此《<监察法>释义》作出了详细的解释,但笔者认为《<监察法>释义》的解释并不十分全面,建议对“管理人员”“从事管理的人员”中“管理”的概念进行扩大理解;特殊监察对象即《监察法》第十五条第六项提出的“其他依法履行公职的人员”。《监察法》规定,监察委员会依法履行监督、调查、处置三项职责,这三项职责是监察权行使链条中的三个不同的环节,一环扣一环,具有很强的关联性、承接性,但同时每一环又是相对独立的,可以单独适用。三项职责中,监督是“正面”的,范围宽,而调查和处置是事后“纠错”性质的,具有针对性。从三项职责覆盖的监察对象来看,对普通监察对象监察权行使,从第一环监督开始,如果发生职务违法或职务犯罪行为,将继续对其行使调查、处置职责。而特殊监察对象,是发生职务违法或职务犯罪行为后,监察权才介入进行“纠错”,只涉及到调查和处置这两项职责。结合法条以及监察委员会三项职责分析,基本能够确定监察对象的范围。

学科:

宪法学与行政法学

提交日期

2026-04-13

引用参考

蔡雨薇. 监察对象界定研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2019.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 监察对象界定研究
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 29130502038
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 蔡雨薇
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2019
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张震
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 纪检监察学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 全覆盖;监察对象;公权力
  • dc.subject
  • All-coverage;Supervision Objects;Public Power
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 国家监察体制改革的目的是构建党领导下的“集中统一、权威高效”的国家监察制度。在国家监察体制改革之前,党内监督实现了对党员的全覆盖,《行政监察法》覆盖的对象是行政机关及其工作人员,两者均不能实现对公职人员的全覆盖。检察机关对国家工作人员职务犯罪行为进行查处,但却无法及于国家工作人员的职务违法行为。国家监察体制改革,将原来分散的反腐败职能集中、统一、优化,实现了“国家监察全覆盖”。《中华人民共和国监察法》(以下简称《监察法》)指出要对所有行使公权力的公职人员监察全覆盖。为保证实现《监察法》的立法目的,将监督力量延伸和覆盖到所有公职人员,确保监察工作有序高效进行,合理合法界定监察对象意义重大。笔者在界定监察对象时,将其分为普通监察对象和特殊监察对象,普通监察对象即《监察法》第十五条前五项明确列举的五大类监察对象,对此《<监察法>释义》作出了详细的解释,但笔者认为《<监察法>释义》的解释并不十分全面,建议对“管理人员”“从事管理的人员”中“管理”的概念进行扩大理解;特殊监察对象即《监察法》第十五条第六项提出的“其他依法履行公职的人员”。《监察法》规定,监察委员会依法履行监督、调查、处置三项职责,这三项职责是监察权行使链条中的三个不同的环节,一环扣一环,具有很强的关联性、承接性,但同时每一环又是相对独立的,可以单独适用。三项职责中,监督是“正面”的,范围宽,而调查和处置是事后“纠错”性质的,具有针对性。从三项职责覆盖的监察对象来看,对普通监察对象监察权行使,从第一环监督开始,如果发生职务违法或职务犯罪行为,将继续对其行使调查、处置职责。而特殊监察对象,是发生职务违法或职务犯罪行为后,监察权才介入进行“纠错”,只涉及到调查和处置这两项职责。结合法条以及监察委员会三项职责分析,基本能够确定监察对象的范围。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The purpose of the reform of the state supervision system is to construct a unity and authorities are efficient state national supervision system under the leadership of the CPC. Before the reform of the state supervision system, the Party supervision realized all-coverage of Party members, the administrative supervision law covers administrative supervision and its staff, neither can achieve all coverage of public officials. The procuratorial organs investigate duty-related crime, but they do not extend to duty—related violation. The reform of the national supervision system has centralized and optimized the previously decentralized anticorruption functions, and achieve all coverage of state supervision. The Inspection Law of the People’s Republic of China states that all public officials exercising public authority should be all supervised to ensure that the supervision is conducted in an orderly and efficient manner. Therefore, it is important to define the supervisory object reasonably lawfully. The author divides the inspection object into general supervisory objects and special supervisory objects, the general supervisory objects are the five categories of inspection objects specified in the first five items of Article 15 of the Inspection Law, which explain in detail the interpretation of the law, but the author believes that the interpretation of the Inspection Law is not comprehensive and suggests an expanded understanding of the concept of management in the manager. Special supervision is the “other persons performing public functions according to law” proposed in Article 15,paragraph 6,of the Inspection Law. The Law provides that the supervision committee performs three tasks of supervision, investigation and disposal according to law, and there three functions are highly relevant and relatively independent and can be applied separately. Of the three functions, supervision is “positive” and has a wide scope, while investigation and disposal are “error correction” after the fact, and are targeted. From the perspective of the supervisory objects covered by the three functions, the supervisory authority of the general supervisory objects shall be exercised ,starting with the first part of the supervisory supervision, and shall continue to exercise the functions and functions of investigation and disposal if exists duty-related violation or duty-related crime . The supervisory authority intervenes in the conduct of “error correction” after the offence of duty-related violation or duty-related crime ,and only relates to the investigation and disposal of both functions. In conjunction with the law and the three functions of supervision committee, it is basically possible to determine the scope of the inspections.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-04-13
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