传统“命价赔偿法”研究

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归属院系:

法学院

作者:

徐天

导师:

王敏

导师单位:

法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

民族传统;“赔命价”;习惯法

摘要:

“命价赔偿法”即身体侵害赔偿方面的法律,在古代很多民族都曾有过,我国北方游牧民族习惯法中最为多见,只是叫法不同,属于少数民族法文化中特色突出的一项制度。如藏族的“赔命价”不但历史十分悠久,而且内容完整、系统,地域广泛,成为整个藏区包括西藏、甘肃、青海、四川、云南等藏族居住地的藏族部落之间、个人之间处理杀人、伤害等纠纷的一种习惯法。藏族传统“赔命价”在新中国成立以后曾经一度在强大的国家法制下退出历史舞台。可是在改革开放后,尤其在近 20 多年来,这种习俗规则在民族地区又悄然而起,应该属于“习惯法之复燃”。如今在国家大力推进统一法治的局面下,这种“复燃”现象成为理论界关注的一个问题。“以古为鉴,可知兴替”,研究历史是为解决现实问题,“命价赔偿”在历史上曾一度适应各民族地区特有的生产方式与社会关系,对维护社会秩序,保护和发展生产力起到过一定的积极作用。但在高度民主、法制高度统一的现代社会里,这是一种落后的纠纷解决习惯,是违反现行国家法律的。但笔者认为:从稳定社会秩序的功能上看,在充分考虑被害人家属的经济状况和意愿,对加害人确有减轻情节,并决心悔过自新的前提下,在司法上是可以限制使用的。大多数学者认为:在高度积极作用下面有很多有益的东西可在现今司法实践中吸收。我国内地法律一直重刑轻民,而少数民族习惯化往往将刑事问题民事化,对稳维地方稳定,化解纠纷有很多好的地方。笔者通过几年时间查阅一些资料,并向这方面专家请教,认为在伤害类案件处理上采用和解方式有其合理因素。

学科:

刑法学

提交日期

2026-04-13

引用参考

徐天. 传统“命价赔偿法”研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2019.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 传统“命价赔偿法”研究
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20190902115645
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 徐天
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2019
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 王敏
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 民族传统;“赔命价”;习惯法
  • dc.subject
  • Traditional;"price compensation law";study
  • dc.description.abstract
  • “命价赔偿法”即身体侵害赔偿方面的法律,在古代很多民族都曾有过,我国北方游牧民族习惯法中最为多见,只是叫法不同,属于少数民族法文化中特色突出的一项制度。如藏族的“赔命价”不但历史十分悠久,而且内容完整、系统,地域广泛,成为整个藏区包括西藏、甘肃、青海、四川、云南等藏族居住地的藏族部落之间、个人之间处理杀人、伤害等纠纷的一种习惯法。藏族传统“赔命价”在新中国成立以后曾经一度在强大的国家法制下退出历史舞台。可是在改革开放后,尤其在近 20 多年来,这种习俗规则在民族地区又悄然而起,应该属于“习惯法之复燃”。如今在国家大力推进统一法治的局面下,这种“复燃”现象成为理论界关注的一个问题。“以古为鉴,可知兴替”,研究历史是为解决现实问题,“命价赔偿”在历史上曾一度适应各民族地区特有的生产方式与社会关系,对维护社会秩序,保护和发展生产力起到过一定的积极作用。但在高度民主、法制高度统一的现代社会里,这是一种落后的纠纷解决习惯,是违反现行国家法律的。但笔者认为:从稳定社会秩序的功能上看,在充分考虑被害人家属的经济状况和意愿,对加害人确有减轻情节,并决心悔过自新的前提下,在司法上是可以限制使用的。大多数学者认为:在高度积极作用下面有很多有益的东西可在现今司法实践中吸收。我国内地法律一直重刑轻民,而少数民族习惯化往往将刑事问题民事化,对稳维地方稳定,化解纠纷有很多好的地方。笔者通过几年时间查阅一些资料,并向这方面专家请教,认为在伤害类案件处理上采用和解方式有其合理因素。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The "price-amount compensation law" is the law on physical infringement compensation. It has been used in many ancient nationalities. The most common habits of the nomadic people in the north of China are different, and they are different in the legal culture of ethnic minoritiessystem.For example, Tibetans’“dead price” not only have a long history, but also complete, systematic, and extensive in scope. It has become a treatment between Tibetan tribes in Tibetan areas including Tibet, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan. A customary law for murder, injury, etc.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Tibetan traditional "defective price" once withdrew from the historical stage under the powerful national legal system.However, after the reform and opening up, especially in the past 20 years, this customary rule has quietly emerged in ethnic areas and should belong to the "resumption of customary law." Nowadays, under the situation that the country vigorously promotes the unification of the rule of law, this "re-ignition" phenomenon has become a concern of the theoretical circles."Taking the ancients as a mirror, we can know that it is moving forward." Studying history is to solve the real problems. In the past, "price compensation" has been adapted to the unique production methods and social relations in various ethnic areas, to maintain social order, to protect and develop productivityand played a certain positive role.However, in a modern society, with a high degree of democracy and a highly unified legal system, this is a backward dispute resolution habit and a violation of existing national laws.I believe that from the perspective of the function of stabilizing social order, it is possible to restrict the use of the economic situation and will of the victim's family, and to reduce the circumstances of the injurer and to resolve to repentance.Most scholars believe that there are many beneficial things under the highly positive role that can be absorbed in today's judicial practice. The laws of the Mainland of China have been severely punishable by the people, and the habitualization of ethnic minorities often civilizes criminal issues. There are many good places for stabilizing the stability of the place and resolving disputes.I have consulted some materials in a few years and consulted experts in this field. I believe that there are reasonable factors in adopting the settlement method in the handling of injury cases.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-04-13
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