工伤认定程序法律问题研究

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作者:

杨良成

导师:

胡川宁

导师单位:

经济法学院(生态法学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

工伤认定程序;劳动关系;调查取证;救济程序

摘要:

我国工伤认定程序及救济程序极其繁琐冗长。未参加工伤保险的受伤职工,从申请 工伤认定到得到赔偿款,如果用人单位穷尽所有法律程序,需经历 15~16 道程序,耗时 四到五年,甚至长达六到八年。如此漫长的索赔程序,让受伤职工精疲力竭,怨声载道。 如何完善我国工伤认定程序法律制度值得研究。 工伤认定过程中,应赋予工伤职工和用人单位同样的工伤认定申请权。简化工伤认 定受理程序。社会保险行政部门通常只对简单的劳动关系进行确认,如劳动关系存在争 议且无法确认的,通常告知受伤害职工通过劳动仲裁确认劳动关系,该程序既增加了受 伤害职工的负担,又耽误了受伤害职工的索赔时间。应当充分发挥社会保险行政部门职 能作用,在工伤认定过程中直接认定受伤害职工与用人单位是否存劳动关系。并加大调 查力度,给予受伤害职工倾斜性保护。一方面收集受伤害职工与用人单位是否存在劳动 关系的证据,另一方面可固定是否属于工伤的证据。工伤认定申请期限符合时效属性, 现行法律规定 1 年内申请工伤认定的时间太短,对于超过申请时间者无救济途径,申请 工伤认定的时间应与民法典规定的诉讼时效一致,建议改为 3 年。 对工伤认定结论的救济程序,可以借鉴道路交通事故处理程序,将工伤认定结论只 作为处理工伤赔偿争议的证据。对工伤认定结论不服,取消单独的行政诉讼程序,参保 职工可以提起行政给付之诉,由法院行政审判庭认定是否属于工伤,并作出是否给付的 判决。未参保职工提起赔偿请求时由劳动人事争议仲裁委员会、人民法院一并审查认定 是否属于工伤。劳动争议案件取消仲裁前置程序,由劳动者选择劳动仲裁或直接向人民 法院提起民事诉讼,以减少工伤案件处理时间。用人单位拖延诉讼的一个重要原因是诉 讼成本低,规定工伤赔偿案件劳动者胜诉的,劳动者支付的律师服务费由用人单位承担, 对胜诉无望的案件用人单位可能服判息诉。另外扩大社会保险覆盖面可减少部分争议。 通过上述举措,能大幅缩短工伤赔偿案件处理时间。

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2026-04-01

引用参考

杨良成. 工伤认定程序法律问题研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2023.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 工伤认定程序法律问题研究
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • TD20200301032
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 杨良成
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2023
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 胡川宁
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 工伤认定程序;劳动关系;调查取证;救济程序
  • dc.subject
  • Work injury identification procedures; Investigation and evidence collection ;Labor relations;;remedial procedure
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 我国工伤认定程序及救济程序极其繁琐冗长。未参加工伤保险的受伤职工,从申请 工伤认定到得到赔偿款,如果用人单位穷尽所有法律程序,需经历 15~16 道程序,耗时 四到五年,甚至长达六到八年。如此漫长的索赔程序,让受伤职工精疲力竭,怨声载道。 如何完善我国工伤认定程序法律制度值得研究。 工伤认定过程中,应赋予工伤职工和用人单位同样的工伤认定申请权。简化工伤认 定受理程序。社会保险行政部门通常只对简单的劳动关系进行确认,如劳动关系存在争 议且无法确认的,通常告知受伤害职工通过劳动仲裁确认劳动关系,该程序既增加了受 伤害职工的负担,又耽误了受伤害职工的索赔时间。应当充分发挥社会保险行政部门职 能作用,在工伤认定过程中直接认定受伤害职工与用人单位是否存劳动关系。并加大调 查力度,给予受伤害职工倾斜性保护。一方面收集受伤害职工与用人单位是否存在劳动 关系的证据,另一方面可固定是否属于工伤的证据。工伤认定申请期限符合时效属性, 现行法律规定 1 年内申请工伤认定的时间太短,对于超过申请时间者无救济途径,申请 工伤认定的时间应与民法典规定的诉讼时效一致,建议改为 3 年。 对工伤认定结论的救济程序,可以借鉴道路交通事故处理程序,将工伤认定结论只 作为处理工伤赔偿争议的证据。对工伤认定结论不服,取消单独的行政诉讼程序,参保 职工可以提起行政给付之诉,由法院行政审判庭认定是否属于工伤,并作出是否给付的 判决。未参保职工提起赔偿请求时由劳动人事争议仲裁委员会、人民法院一并审查认定 是否属于工伤。劳动争议案件取消仲裁前置程序,由劳动者选择劳动仲裁或直接向人民 法院提起民事诉讼,以减少工伤案件处理时间。用人单位拖延诉讼的一个重要原因是诉 讼成本低,规定工伤赔偿案件劳动者胜诉的,劳动者支付的律师服务费由用人单位承担, 对胜诉无望的案件用人单位可能服判息诉。另外扩大社会保险覆盖面可减少部分争议。 通过上述举措,能大幅缩短工伤赔偿案件处理时间。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The determination and relief procedures for work-related injuries in China are extremely cumbersome and lengthy. Injured employees who have not participated in work-related injury insurance, from applying for work-related injury recognition to receiving compensation, if the employer exhausts all legal procedures, they need to go through 15-16 procedures, which can take four to five years, or even up to six to eight years. The lengthy claim process has left the injured employees exhausted and filled with complaints. How to improve the legal system of work-related injury recognition procedures in China is worth studying. During the process of determining work-related injuries, workers and employers should be granted the same right to apply for work-related injury determination. Simplify the acceptance process for work-related injury recognition. The social insurance administrative department usually only confirms simple labor relationships. If there is a dispute over the labor relationship and it cannot be confirmed, the injured employees are usually informed to confirm the labor relationship through labor arbitration. This procedure not only increases the burden on the injured employees, but also delays their claim time. We should fully leverage the role of the social insurance administrative department to directly determine whether there is a labor relationship between the injured employee and the employer during the process of determining work-related injuries. And increase the investigation efforts to provide preferential protection to the injured employees. On the one hand, evidence of whether the injured employee has a labor relationship with the employer can be collected, and on the other hand, evidence of whether it belongs to work-related injuries can be fixed. The application period for work-related injury recognition conforms to the statute of limitations. The current law stipulates that the time limit for applying for work-related injury recognition within one year is too short, and there is no remedy for those who exceed the application time. The time limit for applying for work-related injury recognition should be consistent with the statute of limitations for litigation stipulated in the Civil Code. It is recommended to change it to three years.The relief procedure for the conclusion of work-related injury determination can refer to the procedures for handling road traffic accidents, and the conclusion of work-related injury determination can only be used as evidence for handling work-related injury compensation 1 disputes. If the conclusion of work-related injury determination is not satisfied, a separate administrative litigation procedure will be cancelled. The insured employees can file an administrative payment lawsuit, and the administrative tribunal of the court will determine whether it belongs to work-related injury and make a judgment on whether to pay. When uninsured employees file compensation claims, the labor and personnel dispute arbitration committee and the people's court shall jointly review and determine whether it belongs to work-related injuries. The pre arbitration procedure for labor dispute cases shall be cancelled, and the worker shall choose labor arbitration or directly file a civil lawsuit with the people's court to reduce the processing time of work-related injury cases. An important reason for employers to delay litigation is the low cost of litigation. It is stipulated that if a worker wins a work-related injury compensation case, the lawyer service fee paid by the worker shall be borne by the employer. If there is no hope of winning a case, the employer may accept the verdict. In addition, expanding the coverage of social insurance can reduce some disputes. Through the above measures, the processing time of work-related injury compensation cases can be significantly reduced.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-04-01
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