我国女性就业歧视法律规制研究

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作者:

印雪婷

导师:

胡川宁

导师单位:

经济法学院(生态法学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

就业歧视;就业平等;法律规制;女性

摘要:

2021 年 5 月 31 日发布的第七次全国人口普查结果显示,我国总人口为 141178 万人。 我国 60 岁及以上人口为 26402 万人,占总人口的 18.7%,其中 65 岁及以上人口为 19064 万人,占总人口的 13.5%。随着我国的人口老龄化程度越来越高,为进一步优化人口结 构,2016 年我国开始全面实施“二孩”生育政策直到 2021 年 5 月 31 日中共中央政治局 召开会议并指出,优化生育政策,实施一对夫妻可以生育“三个子女”政策及配套支持 措施。这些政策一经提出陆续引起不小的社会负面影响,尤其反应在女性职场中被差别 对待的情形越来越多,使职场女性难以追求真正的“就业平等”。虽说“女性就业歧视”、 “侵犯女性就业平等权”等现象一直都是社会普遍存在的,即便我国《中华人民共和国 宪法》(以下简称《宪法》)《中华人民共和国劳动法》(以下简称《劳动法》)《中华人 民共和国妇女权益保障法》(以下简称《妇女权益保障法》)《中华人民共和国就业促进 法》(以下简称《就业促进法》)和《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》(以下简称《劳动合 同法》)等法律法规也对女性平等就业权作了法律规定,但是还是缺乏可操作性,不能 从根本上解决女性就业歧视的问题。本文结合国家现行的生育政策和法律制度,深入探 讨要如何完善法律制度才能从根本上禁止女性就业歧视现象。 本文分为五个部分,分析了我国女性就业歧视的产生的原因以及特点,借鉴国外立 法经验,结合我国实际情况,从立法、监察、司法救济等方面提出合理化的建议。 第一部分首先探讨了女性就业歧视法律规制的基础理论,从概念上进行了梳理和厘 定,其次是对差别对待和歧视进行了区分性和关联性的阐述,最后陈述了女性就业歧视 法律规制的理论基础。 第二部分主要阐述分析了产生女性就业歧视的社会原因和法制原因,从传统观念、 女性天然的身体差异、用人单位与劳动者之间的不平等地位以及现有法律法规等方面进 行了分析。 第三部分主要讲述了我国女性就业歧视法律规制的现状与问题。 第四部分分别介绍了美国、英国、德国、日本在女性就业性别歧视相关的法律制度、 权力监察机构以及救济途径。 1 万方数据 西南政法大学硕士学位论文 第五部分主要就是借鉴国外的经验,结合我国国情提出的改进意见:从各个途径采 用不同手段增强就业平等观念,加强女性的法律意识、维权教育意识,再从立法上,建 议设立《反就业歧视法》,明确就业歧视的概念、分类、构成要件、范围等有关女性就 业歧视的内容;最后建议设立专门机构、明确授权内容、使其增加监督、处罚力度;增 加解决就业歧视的救济途径。

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2026-04-01

引用参考

印雪婷. 我国女性就业歧视法律规制研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2023.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 我国女性就业歧视法律规制研究
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20230911094204
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 印雪婷
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2023
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 胡川宁
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 就业歧视;就业平等;法律规制;女性
  • dc.subject
  • Female;Employment discrimination;Equality in employment;Legal regulation
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 2021 年 5 月 31 日发布的第七次全国人口普查结果显示,我国总人口为 141178 万人。 我国 60 岁及以上人口为 26402 万人,占总人口的 18.7%,其中 65 岁及以上人口为 19064 万人,占总人口的 13.5%。随着我国的人口老龄化程度越来越高,为进一步优化人口结 构,2016 年我国开始全面实施“二孩”生育政策直到 2021 年 5 月 31 日中共中央政治局 召开会议并指出,优化生育政策,实施一对夫妻可以生育“三个子女”政策及配套支持 措施。这些政策一经提出陆续引起不小的社会负面影响,尤其反应在女性职场中被差别 对待的情形越来越多,使职场女性难以追求真正的“就业平等”。虽说“女性就业歧视”、 “侵犯女性就业平等权”等现象一直都是社会普遍存在的,即便我国《中华人民共和国 宪法》(以下简称《宪法》)《中华人民共和国劳动法》(以下简称《劳动法》)《中华人 民共和国妇女权益保障法》(以下简称《妇女权益保障法》)《中华人民共和国就业促进 法》(以下简称《就业促进法》)和《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》(以下简称《劳动合 同法》)等法律法规也对女性平等就业权作了法律规定,但是还是缺乏可操作性,不能 从根本上解决女性就业歧视的问题。本文结合国家现行的生育政策和法律制度,深入探 讨要如何完善法律制度才能从根本上禁止女性就业歧视现象。 本文分为五个部分,分析了我国女性就业歧视的产生的原因以及特点,借鉴国外立 法经验,结合我国实际情况,从立法、监察、司法救济等方面提出合理化的建议。 第一部分首先探讨了女性就业歧视法律规制的基础理论,从概念上进行了梳理和厘 定,其次是对差别对待和歧视进行了区分性和关联性的阐述,最后陈述了女性就业歧视 法律规制的理论基础。 第二部分主要阐述分析了产生女性就业歧视的社会原因和法制原因,从传统观念、 女性天然的身体差异、用人单位与劳动者之间的不平等地位以及现有法律法规等方面进 行了分析。 第三部分主要讲述了我国女性就业歧视法律规制的现状与问题。 第四部分分别介绍了美国、英国、德国、日本在女性就业性别歧视相关的法律制度、 权力监察机构以及救济途径。 1 万方数据 西南政法大学硕士学位论文 第五部分主要就是借鉴国外的经验,结合我国国情提出的改进意见:从各个途径采 用不同手段增强就业平等观念,加强女性的法律意识、维权教育意识,再从立法上,建 议设立《反就业歧视法》,明确就业歧视的概念、分类、构成要件、范围等有关女性就 业歧视的内容;最后建议设立专门机构、明确授权内容、使其增加监督、处罚力度;增 加解决就业歧视的救济途径。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • According to the results of the seventh national census released on May 31, 2021, China's total population is 1411.78 million. China's population aged 60 and above is 264.02 million, accounting for 18.7% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 and above is 19.064 million, accounting for 13.5% of the total population. With the increasing degree of population aging in China, in order to further optimize the population structure, in 2016, China began to fully implement the "two-child" birth policy until May 31, 2021, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting and pointed out that to optimize the birth policy, the implementation of a couple can have "three children" policy and supporting measures. Once these policies have been put forward, they have caused a lot of negative social impacts, especially reflecting the increasing number of cases in which women are treated differently in the workplace, making it difficult for women in the workplace to pursue true "employment equality". Although the phenomenon of "female employment discrimination" and "violation of female employment equality" has always been widespread in society, Even the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Constitution), the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Labor Law), the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests (hereinafter referred to as the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests), the Employment Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Employment Promotion Law) and the Labor Contract Law of the People's Republic of China Laws and regulations such as "Labor Contract Law" (hereinafter referred to as "Labor Contract Law") have also made legal provisions on women's equal employment rights, but they still lack operability and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of women's employment discrimination. Based on the current fertility policy and legal system of the country, this paper discusses how to perfect the legal system to fundamentally prohibit the phenomenon of female employment discrimination. This paper is divided into five parts, analyzes the causes and characteristics of female employment discrimination in China, draws on foreign legislative experience, combined with the actual situation of our country, and puts forward reasonable suggestions from the aspects of legislation, supervision and judicial relief. 万方数据 西南政法大学硕士学位论文 The first part firstly discusses the basic theory of legal regulation of female employment discrimination, and sorts out and defines the concept. Secondly, it expounds the differentiation and correlation of differential treatment and discrimination, and finally states the theoretical basis of legal regulation of female employment discrimination. The second part mainly expounds and analyzes the social and legal reasons of female employment discrimination, from the traditional concept, the natural physical difference of women, the unequal status between employers and workers, and the existing laws and regulations. The third part mainly describes the current situation and problems of legal regulation of female employment discrimination in China. The fourth part introduces the legal system, supervisory authority and remedy ways of gender discrimination in employment in the United States, Britain , Germany and Japan respectively. The fifth part is mainly to learn from foreign experience, combined with our country's national conditions to put forward improvement suggestions: from various ways to strengthen the concept of employment equality by different means, strengthen women's legal consciousness, rights protection education consciousness, and then from the legislation, it is proposed to establish "anti-employment discrimination law", clear the concept of employment discrimination, classification, constituent elements, scope and other related female employment discrimination content; Finally, it is suggested to set up specialized agencies, clarify the content of authorization, and increase the intensity of supervision and punishment. Increase access to remedies to address employment discrimination.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-04-01
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