交通肇事罪犯罪构成及特殊问题的研究

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作者:

杨捷

导师:

李邦友

导师单位:

行政法学院(纪检监察学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

交通肇事;犯罪构成;因逃逸致人死亡

摘要:

交通肇事罪是指,违反交通运输管理法规或交通运输安全法,因而发生重大事故,致人重伤、死亡或者使公私财产遭受重大损失的行为。文章共分四个部分,约33000 字,围绕交通肇事罪的犯罪构成及在司法实践中遇到的一些特殊问题进行了论述。 第一部分主要研究了交通肇事罪的构成特征。该罪所侵犯的客体是公共安全,即不特定的多数人的生命健康和重大公私财产及重大公共利益的安全。97《刑法》在交通肇事罪之外增加了重大飞行事故罪和铁路安全事故罪,因此笔者认为现行交通肇事罪客体中通常不包括航空和铁路运输安全,但也有一些特殊情况,需要具体案件具体分析。交通肇事罪的客观方面表现为在交通运输活动中,违反交通运输管理法规,致人重伤、死亡或者使公私财产遭受重大损失的行为。行为人可以是积极地去实行违章行为,如超速开车、闯红灯等,也可采取不作为的形式,如造成了某种威胁交通运输安全的危险而不排除。该罪发生的空间一般为城镇街道、公路和虽在单位管辖范围内,但允许社会机动车通行的地方,包括广场、公共停车场等用于公众通行的场所。此外,当非机动车被用来从事交通运输活动或者非机动车与正在进行的有关交通运输活动有直接关联的情况下,行为人违章肇事危害公共安全的,同样可以构成交通肇事罪。如果行为人驾驶机动车从事盗窃、抢劫、偷开汽车取乐等非正常的交通运输活动,只要造成法定后果的,同样构成交通肇事罪。 交通肇事罪的主体是一般主体,是指从事交通运输的人员以及与保障交通运输活动安全运行具有直接关系的人员,包括驾驶员、交通工具的操作人员、 指挥调度人员等。 第二部分主要研究了“因逃逸致人死亡”含义及与不作为的故意杀人罪之间的关系。《刑法》第133条规定:“因逃逸致人死亡的,处七年以上有期徒刑。”对该项条款的理解与应用在实践中往往有不同的看法。笔者认为,“逃逸致人死亡”必须是行为人肇事后,为逃避法律追究而逃跑,致使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的情况。其中有两个条件:一是行为人交通肇事行为构成犯罪;二是逃逸行为与死亡之间具有刑法上的因果关系。“逃逸致人死亡”与不作为故意杀人之间是一种包含与被包含的关系,“逃逸致人死亡”中总是包含着不作为杀人的行为,在处理具体案件时要严格根据被告人的主观罪过对其定罪处罚,否则就会扩大不作为故意杀人的范围。 第三部分主要针对非道路交通事故案件的定罪以及非机动车肇事案件的定罪进行了研究。一般情况下审判机关会根据交通部门出具的非道路交通事故责任认定书以过失致人死亡罪对被告人进行定罪量刑。笔者认为,公安机关的责任认定书是根据该条道路是否在国家规定的道路管理部门登记出具的,但根据《道路交通安全法》的规定,只要具有公共性,即使是企业内部的道路,如果可以供其他公共车辆通行的,均可以认定为道路交通事故,否则会造成定罪量刑的不统一。非机动车如果被用来从事交通运输活动,违反交通安全法的规定,造成了法定的后果,并达到法定的责任程度的,可以构成交通肇事罪。 第四部分主要研究了交通肇事罪中的共同犯罪问题。该问题主要是针对最高法院《关于交通肇事刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第五条的规定提出的。笔者认为该条解释有违共同犯罪的理论。在基本罪不构成共犯的情况下,不能只在加重情节上构成共同犯罪。如果行为人肇事后,其单位主管人员、车辆的所有人、承包人指使肇事人逃逸,而使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的,对单位主管人员、车辆的所有人、承包人可以交通肇事罪论处,而不能与行为人构成共犯。

学科:

宪法学与行政法学

提交日期

2026-01-12

引用参考

杨捷. 交通肇事罪犯罪构成及特殊问题的研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2006.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 交通肇事罪犯罪构成及特殊问题的研究
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 2003189
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 杨捷
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2006
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 李邦友
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 交通肇事 ;犯罪构成; 因逃逸致人死亡
  • dc.subject
  • The transportation accident crime;crime offense constitutes;escape behavior caused death
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 交通肇事罪是指,违反交通运输管理法规或交通运输安全法,因而发生重大事故,致人重伤、死亡或者使公私财产遭受重大损失的行为。文章共分四个部分,约33000 字,围绕交通肇事罪的犯罪构成及在司法实践中遇到的一些特殊问题进行了论述。 第一部分主要研究了交通肇事罪的构成特征。该罪所侵犯的客体是公共安全,即不特定的多数人的生命健康和重大公私财产及重大公共利益的安全。97《刑法》在交通肇事罪之外增加了重大飞行事故罪和铁路安全事故罪,因此笔者认为现行交通肇事罪客体中通常不包括航空和铁路运输安全,但也有一些特殊情况,需要具体案件具体分析。交通肇事罪的客观方面表现为在交通运输活动中,违反交通运输管理法规,致人重伤、死亡或者使公私财产遭受重大损失的行为。行为人可以是积极地去实行违章行为,如超速开车、闯红灯等,也可采取不作为的形式,如造成了某种威胁交通运输安全的危险而不排除。该罪发生的空间一般为城镇街道、公路和虽在单位管辖范围内,但允许社会机动车通行的地方,包括广场、公共停车场等用于公众通行的场所。此外,当非机动车被用来从事交通运输活动或者非机动车与正在进行的有关交通运输活动有直接关联的情况下,行为人违章肇事危害公共安全的,同样可以构成交通肇事罪。如果行为人驾驶机动车从事盗窃、抢劫、偷开汽车取乐等非正常的交通运输活动,只要造成法定后果的,同样构成交通肇事罪。 交通肇事罪的主体是一般主体,是指从事交通运输的人员以及与保障交通运输活动安全运行具有直接关系的人员,包括驾驶员、交通工具的操作人员、 指挥调度人员等。 第二部分主要研究了“因逃逸致人死亡”含义及与不作为的故意杀人罪之间的关系。《刑法》第133条规定:“因逃逸致人死亡的,处七年以上有期徒刑。”对该项条款的理解与应用在实践中往往有不同的看法。笔者认为,“逃逸致人死亡”必须是行为人肇事后,为逃避法律追究而逃跑,致使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的情况。其中有两个条件:一是行为人交通肇事行为构成犯罪;二是逃逸行为与死亡之间具有刑法上的因果关系。“逃逸致人死亡”与不作为故意杀人之间是一种包含与被包含的关系,“逃逸致人死亡”中总是包含着不作为杀人的行为,在处理具体案件时要严格根据被告人的主观罪过对其定罪处罚,否则就会扩大不作为故意杀人的范围。 第三部分主要针对非道路交通事故案件的定罪以及非机动车肇事案件的定罪进行了研究。一般情况下审判机关会根据交通部门出具的非道路交通事故责任认定书以过失致人死亡罪对被告人进行定罪量刑。笔者认为,公安机关的责任认定书是根据该条道路是否在国家规定的道路管理部门登记出具的,但根据《道路交通安全法》的规定,只要具有公共性,即使是企业内部的道路,如果可以供其他公共车辆通行的,均可以认定为道路交通事故,否则会造成定罪量刑的不统一。非机动车如果被用来从事交通运输活动,违反交通安全法的规定,造成了法定的后果,并达到法定的责任程度的,可以构成交通肇事罪。 第四部分主要研究了交通肇事罪中的共同犯罪问题。该问题主要是针对最高法院《关于交通肇事刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第五条的规定提出的。笔者认为该条解释有违共同犯罪的理论。在基本罪不构成共犯的情况下,不能只在加重情节上构成共同犯罪。如果行为人肇事后,其单位主管人员、车辆的所有人、承包人指使肇事人逃逸,而使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的,对单位主管人员、车辆的所有人、承包人可以交通肇事罪论处,而不能与行为人构成共犯。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The Transportation accident crime is refers to the behavior that violates the transportation management laws and regulations ortransportation security law, thus has the significant accident, sends the human severe wound, the death or accidents the public and private property to suffer the heavy loss. The article altogether divides four parts, there are total 35,107 characters except the content abstract and the introduction. It is revolved transportation accident crime constitution and some special questions which met in the trial practice has carried on the elaboration. The first part has mainly studied the transportation accident crime constitution characteristic. This crime encroaches the object is the public security, namely unspecific most people's life and health and significantpublic and private property and significant public interest security. 97" Crime law" increased the significant aviation accident crime and therailroad security accident crime outside transportation accident crime,therefore the author thought the current traffic accident crime object usually not including the aviation and the railway transportation security, but also has some peculiar circumstances, which needs the concrete caseconcrete analysis. The transportation accident crime objective aspectdisplays for the behavior in the transportation activity, violates the transportation management laws and regulations, sends the human severewound, the death or accidents the public and private property to suffer the heavy loss in the transportation activity. The actor may be positively implements violates regulations the behavior, like over-speed drives, runs ared light and so on, also may not adopt the achievement form, like created some kind of threat transportation security danger but not to remove. This crime occurs the space generally for the cities street, the road and although has jurisdiction over in the scope in the unit, but the permission society vehicle general place, including the square, the public parking lot urgently needs in the public general place. In addition, when the non-motor vehicle is used for to be engaged in the transportation activity or the non-motorvehicle with the related transportation activity which carries on is having the direct connection in the situation, the actor violates regulations to accident trouble, so that do harm to the public security, it is similarly may constitute transportation accident crime. If the actor drives the vehicle to be engaged in the unusual transportation activity, such as steals, robs, steals the automobile to seek pleasure and so on, so long as creates the legalconsequence, it is also constitute transportation accident crime. The transportation accident crime actor is the personnel as well as the personnelwhich refers is engaged in the transportation which has the direct relations with the safeguard transportation activity safe operation, including the pilot, the transportation vehicle operator, the direction dispatches the personnel and so on. The second part mainly studied the meaning of" the escape behaviorcauses the death" and the relations between" the escape behavior causes thedeath" and the inactive murder crime relations. Article 133 in the 97" Crime law" stipulates that, " the escape behavior after the transportation accidentcaused other person to die, place above seven years set term ofimprisonment." There are the different views to this provision understanded and applicated in the practice. The author believed that, " the escape behavior causes the death" is this situation: the actor accident troubles, in order to evades the law to investigate but escapes, accidents the victim be accident of not to be able to obtain the situation which the rescue but died. It has two conditions: The first is the actor the transportation accident troubles the behavior constitution crime; the second, escapes between the behavior and the death has in the crime law the causal relation. The relation between" the escape behavior causes the death" and theinactive murder is intentionally one contains another, " the escape behaviorcauses the death" center always contains inactive murder behavior, wemust strictly determine guilt according to accused person's subjectivecrime to it the punishment in the processing concrete case, otherwise can expand the inactive murder scope intentionally. The third part mainly aimed at the non - road traffic accident case to determine guilt as well as the non-motor vehicle accident troubles the caseto determine guilt. In the ordinary circumstances the judicial organizationcan non - road traffic accident responsibility certificate which writes up according to the traffic department send the human by the error to die the crime to carry on to the accused person determines guilt the discretion of punishment. The author believed that, public security organ's responsibility certificate is according to this path whether stipulated in the country the road administration department registers writes up, but according to" Road traffic safety law" stipulation, so long as has public, even if is the enterprise interior path, if may supply other utility cars general, may recognize for the road traffic accident, otherwise can create determines guilt the discretion of punishment not to be unified. The non-motor vehicle if is used for to be engaged in the transportation activity, violates transportation safety law the stipulation, has created the legal consequence, and achieved the legal responsibility degree, may constitute transportation accident crime. The fourth part has mainly studied in the transportation accident crime common crime question. This question mainly is aims at the supreme court " To accident trouble Crime case Concrete Application Law CertainQuestions Explanations about Transportation" the fifth stipulation to propose. The author thought this explanation has disobeys the common crime the theory. Does not constitute in accomplice's situation at the basic crime, cannot only in aggravate in the plot to constitute the common crime. If after the actor accident troubles, its unit commander personnel, vehicles all people, the contractor incite actor to escape, but enable the victim be accident of not to be able to obtain the rescue but to die, to the unit commander personnel, vehicles all people, the contractor maytransportation accident crime punish, but cannot constitute the accomplice with the actor.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-01-12
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