多民族混居地区和谐社会的建构

传播影响力
本库下载频次:
本库浏览频次:
CNKI下载频次:0

归属院系:

国际法学院

作者:

陈映霞

导师:

张晓君

导师单位:

国际法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

外商投资企业;避税;转让定价;滥用国际税收协定;避税地

摘要:

各国国情和税收制度存在的巨大差异,为跨国公司进行形形色色的国 际避税行为提供了可乘之机,国际税收领域内的避税现象越来越严重,国 际避税行为渐成普遍化趋势。先进的避税手段推进了国际避税向更高和更 新层次发展。国际避税充分暴露了各国在税收立法及相关法律上的不完善。 国际避税与反避税的斗争已成为经济领域中的“世界大战”,也是国际国内 税务界和法学界共同关注的问题,特别是近年来,避税与反避税是当前国 际税收领域中的焦点问题,避税问题引起理论界和实践部门的高度重视。 随着我国对外开放的不断深入和经济全球化的迅猛发展,特别是加入 WTO 后,以庞大的中国市场为依托,越来越多的外国投资者,包括许多 跨国公司到我国进行投资。巨额资金和大量先进技术及管理经验为我国经 济的高速发展起到极大推动作用和影响。外商投资额度的持续增长不仅成 为 GDP 和税收收入新的增长点,也成为我国经济结构调整的杠杆。与此 同时,外商投资企业也带来日益严重的避税问题,已经严重损害了我国的 利益,导致税收收入的大量流失,破坏公平竞争的市场机制,造成中方权 益受损,还影响了我国的投资环境和对外经贸的声誉。很多外商投资企业 采取各种手段以达避税之目的,对我国税收管辖权构成了挑战,影响我国 对外经济的正常交往,从而将反避税演变成为我国的税收难题。我国现行 的反避税立法起步较晚,目前还没有专门的反避税立法体系,反避税工作 缺乏充足的法律依据以及实践经验。笔者认为规范我国的反避税工作,可 以从完善反避税立法和加强税收征管工作两个方面进行。 完善立法是反避税工作的关键之处,所以本文以我国外商投资企业避 税问题和我国的反避税立法状况作为研究对象,试图从对国际避税和反避 税相关法律问题进行探讨,综合分析我国税收政策、新税法反避税措施, 结合OECD 及外国对各避税行为的治理经验和国际治理的发展新动向,对 比分析我国反避税立法存在的缺陷,运用历史分析、对比分析、理论联系 实际等方法,分析如何完善反避税的法律规制体系,为反避税工作提供法 律依据。本文将重点讲述我国外商投资企业如何利用转让定价、滥用国际 税收协定和避税地进行避税的方法,及我国法律对其规制的策略,分析我 国反避税法律制度存在的缺陷,以此提出一些立法完善措施。 本文主要包括四大部分。第一部分着重研究了避税的基本问题及我国外商投资企业的避税问 题。各国税法对避税没有明确的法律意义上的定义,我国现行法律有对某 些避税行为的专门条款和反避税一般条款,但其中并没有对何为“避税” 做出具体的规定。所以,本文首先研究避税的基本问题,对当前理论界存 在的避税概念及法律性质等几种不同的观点进行了简单的介绍,明确了避 税的概念和性质,提出了避税是不违法的行为、避税行为合法与否不是反 避税的理论基础的观点。其次通过数据分析外商投资企业在我国的投资情 况和避税状况,说明外商投资企业避税的危害性,我国要加强反避税工作 的必要性和紧迫性。最后,对我国外商投资企业的主要避税方式进行简单 介绍。 第二部分着重研究我国外商投资企业利用转让定价进行避税及其规制 问题。据估计,外商投资企业采用转让定价手段避税占到避税总金额的60% 以上。因此,研究转让定价避税问题具有十分重要的意义。本文首先通过 分析转让定价的定义、性质,从理论上理解转让定价的内涵。其次,结合 我国外商投资企业利用转让定价避税的实际情况,分析其转让定价避税的 具体方式。再次,通过回顾我国转让定价立法的演进过程,研究我国现行 转让定价的立法规制内容,包括独立交易原则、关联交易的认定、转让定 价调整、预约定价制度以及成本分摊协议。最后,分析了规制转让定价的 立法缺陷,并针对存在的问题,提出完善我国转让定价税制的一些立法建 议。 第三部分着重研究外商投资企业滥用国际税收协定避税及其规制问 题。税收协定中往往订有缔约国之间的相互优惠条件,加上各国对协定解 释的差异或疏漏,就产生了协定中一些优惠条款被跨国纳税人滥用以避税 的可能。滥用国际税收协定作为一种较新的避税方法,不仅违背了国际税 法的基本目标,而且严重损害了国家的税收利益。本文首先介绍了关于滥 用税收协定进行国际避税的基本问题,从滥用国际税收协定的含义、法律 特征、危害等方面理解滥用国际税收协定的内涵。其次分析了外商投资企 业滥用国际税收协定的方式。再次,分析我国规制滥用国际税收协定的立 法现状。最后,指出我国目前采用的国际法、国内法规制措施存在的立法 缺陷,从而提出完善我国规制滥用国际税收协定措施的一些立法建议。 第四部分着重研究我国外商投资企业利用避税地避税及其规制问题。 避税地问题,以美国为首的西方发达国家自 20 世纪60 年代开始针对避税地的立法,对利用避税地避税的行为加以规范,并各自形成了相对独立的 避税地法律规制体系。然而,避税地问题在我国,是近几年来随着避税地 投资比重的加大,外资企业亏损面的扩大渐渐进入我们视野的,相关的立 法也因零散且层次低而显得苍白。首先介绍避税地的基本问题,包括对避 税地的定义、OECD 对避税地的认定标准、避税地类型等方面理解避税地 的内涵。其次通过分析我国外商投资企业利用避税地避税的主要方式。再 次,分析我国现行反运用避税地立法现状,介绍了受控外国企业规则的内 容。最后,指出我国规制避税地的立法缺陷,并进一部提出完善规制避税 地立法应当努力的方向。

学科:

国际法学

提交日期

2025-12-03

引用参考

陈映霞. 多民族混居地区和谐社会的建构[D]. 西南政法大学,2008.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 多民族混居地区和谐社会的建构
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 2025tj080
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 陈映霞
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 国际法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2008
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张晓君
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 国际法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 外商投资企业 ;避税;转让定价;滥用国际税收协定;避税地
  • dc.subject
  • Foreign-invested enterprises; Tax avoidance;Transfer pricing;Abuse of international taxation avoidance agreement ;Tax haven
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 各国国情和税收制度存在的巨大差异,为跨国公司进行形形色色的国 际避税行为提供了可乘之机,国际税收领域内的避税现象越来越严重,国 际避税行为渐成普遍化趋势。先进的避税手段推进了国际避税向更高和更 新层次发展。国际避税充分暴露了各国在税收立法及相关法律上的不完善。 国际避税与反避税的斗争已成为经济领域中的“世界大战”,也是国际国内 税务界和法学界共同关注的问题,特别是近年来,避税与反避税是当前国 际税收领域中的焦点问题,避税问题引起理论界和实践部门的高度重视。 随着我国对外开放的不断深入和经济全球化的迅猛发展,特别是加入 WTO 后,以庞大的中国市场为依托,越来越多的外国投资者,包括许多 跨国公司到我国进行投资。巨额资金和大量先进技术及管理经验为我国经 济的高速发展起到极大推动作用和影响。外商投资额度的持续增长不仅成 为 GDP 和税收收入新的增长点,也成为我国经济结构调整的杠杆。与此 同时,外商投资企业也带来日益严重的避税问题,已经严重损害了我国的 利益,导致税收收入的大量流失,破坏公平竞争的市场机制,造成中方权 益受损,还影响了我国的投资环境和对外经贸的声誉。很多外商投资企业 采取各种手段以达避税之目的,对我国税收管辖权构成了挑战,影响我国 对外经济的正常交往,从而将反避税演变成为我国的税收难题。我国现行 的反避税立法起步较晚,目前还没有专门的反避税立法体系,反避税工作 缺乏充足的法律依据以及实践经验。笔者认为规范我国的反避税工作,可 以从完善反避税立法和加强税收征管工作两个方面进行。 完善立法是反避税工作的关键之处,所以本文以我国外商投资企业避 税问题和我国的反避税立法状况作为研究对象,试图从对国际避税和反避 税相关法律问题进行探讨,综合分析我国税收政策、新税法反避税措施, 结合OECD 及外国对各避税行为的治理经验和国际治理的发展新动向,对 比分析我国反避税立法存在的缺陷,运用历史分析、对比分析、理论联系 实际等方法,分析如何完善反避税的法律规制体系,为反避税工作提供法 律依据。本文将重点讲述我国外商投资企业如何利用转让定价、滥用国际 税收协定和避税地进行避税的方法,及我国法律对其规制的策略,分析我 国反避税法律制度存在的缺陷,以此提出一些立法完善措施。 本文主要包括四大部分。第一部分着重研究了避税的基本问题及我国外商投资企业的避税问 题。各国税法对避税没有明确的法律意义上的定义,我国现行法律有对某 些避税行为的专门条款和反避税一般条款,但其中并没有对何为“避税” 做出具体的规定。所以,本文首先研究避税的基本问题,对当前理论界存 在的避税概念及法律性质等几种不同的观点进行了简单的介绍,明确了避 税的概念和性质,提出了避税是不违法的行为、避税行为合法与否不是反 避税的理论基础的观点。其次通过数据分析外商投资企业在我国的投资情 况和避税状况,说明外商投资企业避税的危害性,我国要加强反避税工作 的必要性和紧迫性。最后,对我国外商投资企业的主要避税方式进行简单 介绍。 第二部分着重研究我国外商投资企业利用转让定价进行避税及其规制 问题。据估计,外商投资企业采用转让定价手段避税占到避税总金额的60% 以上。因此,研究转让定价避税问题具有十分重要的意义。本文首先通过 分析转让定价的定义、性质,从理论上理解转让定价的内涵。其次,结合 我国外商投资企业利用转让定价避税的实际情况,分析其转让定价避税的 具体方式。再次,通过回顾我国转让定价立法的演进过程,研究我国现行 转让定价的立法规制内容,包括独立交易原则、关联交易的认定、转让定 价调整、预约定价制度以及成本分摊协议。最后,分析了规制转让定价的 立法缺陷,并针对存在的问题,提出完善我国转让定价税制的一些立法建 议。 第三部分着重研究外商投资企业滥用国际税收协定避税及其规制问 题。税收协定中往往订有缔约国之间的相互优惠条件,加上各国对协定解 释的差异或疏漏,就产生了协定中一些优惠条款被跨国纳税人滥用以避税 的可能。滥用国际税收协定作为一种较新的避税方法,不仅违背了国际税 法的基本目标,而且严重损害了国家的税收利益。本文首先介绍了关于滥 用税收协定进行国际避税的基本问题,从滥用国际税收协定的含义、法律 特征、危害等方面理解滥用国际税收协定的内涵。其次分析了外商投资企 业滥用国际税收协定的方式。再次,分析我国规制滥用国际税收协定的立 法现状。最后,指出我国目前采用的国际法、国内法规制措施存在的立法 缺陷,从而提出完善我国规制滥用国际税收协定措施的一些立法建议。 第四部分着重研究我国外商投资企业利用避税地避税及其规制问题。 避税地问题,以美国为首的西方发达国家自 20 世纪60 年代开始针对避税地的立法,对利用避税地避税的行为加以规范,并各自形成了相对独立的 避税地法律规制体系。然而,避税地问题在我国,是近几年来随着避税地 投资比重的加大,外资企业亏损面的扩大渐渐进入我们视野的,相关的立 法也因零散且层次低而显得苍白。首先介绍避税地的基本问题,包括对避 税地的定义、OECD 对避税地的认定标准、避税地类型等方面理解避税地 的内涵。其次通过分析我国外商投资企业利用避税地避税的主要方式。再 次,分析我国现行反运用避税地立法现状,介绍了受控外国企业规则的内 容。最后,指出我国规制避税地的立法缺陷,并进一部提出完善规制避税 地立法应当努力的方向。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • National conditions and tax system has great differences, providing an opportunity for multinational corporations to all kinds of international tax avoidance. In the field of international tax avoidance is becoming more and more serious, and the universalization of international tax avoidance has been a trend. Advanced means of promoting the international tax avoidance are going to a higher level of development and updating. International tax avoidance has fully exposed the countries in the tax legislation and related legal imperfections. International anti-tax avoidance and tax avoidance has become an economic struggle in the field of "War of the Worlds"; it is also a common concern of the international community and domestic tax law experts. Especially in recent years, anti-tax avoidance and tax avoidance is the focus problem of current international tax areas, arising great importance from tax avoidance in theory and practice of the departments. With the constant deepening of China opening to the outside world and economic globalization are developing rapidly, especially after joining the WTO, as the basis to the vast China market, more and more foreign investors, including many multinational companies invest in China. Huge amounts of money and a large quantity of advanced technology and management experience have played great roles in promoting and impact to China rapid economic development. The growth of the amount of foreign investment is not only become the new GDP and tax revenue growth, and has become China economic structural adjustment lever. At the same time, foreign-invested enterprises has brought increasingly serious problem of tax avoidance, has seriously damaged Chinese interests, resulting in massive loss of tax revenue and undermine fair competition in the market mechanism, causing damage to Chinese interests, but also to Chinese investment environment and the reputation of foreign trade. Many foreign-invested enterprises have adopted various means to achieve tax avoidance, it should be a challenge for our jurisdiction of tax revenue, and it also impacts for our foreign economic exchanges, which will become the anti-avoidance tax problems. Chinese existing anti-avoidance legislation startedfairly late, there is no specific anti-avoidance legislation system, and the work of anti-avoidance is lack of adequate legal basis and practical experience. I believe that in order to norm the Chinese anti-avoidance, there are two areas of improving the anti-avoidance legislation and strengthen tax collection. And the key of anti-tax avoidance is legislation, so in this paper, I will search on the foreign-invested enterprises in China and the avoidance of anti-avoidance legislation, trying to discuss the international anti-tax avoidance and tax avoidance related to legal issues, anglicizing of Chinese tax policy and the new tax anti-avoidance measures and with the OECD on tax avoidance and foreign acts of international governance and management experience in the development of new trends comprehensively. With comparative analyzing of the defects of Chinese anti-tax avoidance legislation and integrating theory with practice, it provides a legal basis on how to improve the legal system of regulation and how to work on anti-avoidance. This paper will focus on Chinese foreign-invested enterprises how to make use of transfer pricing and taxation agreements and abuse of international tax havens for tax avoidance, and its regulation of Chinese legal strategy. With analyzing the flaws of Chinese anti-tax avoidance legal system to propose a number of legislative improvement measures. There are four parts in this paper. The first one focuses on the avoidance of the basic problems of Chinese foreign-invested enterprises and the tax avoidance. States tax law on tax avoidance has no clear legal sense, the definition of Chinese existing laws on certain tax avoidance of the specific provisions and general anti-avoidance provisions, but they are not to make specific provisions on what "tax avoidance". Therefore, this paper searches on the basic problems of tax avoidance, and introduces on the current theory of the tax avoidance industry and the legal nature of the concept of several different points of view. It also clears the concept of tax avoidance and submits that tax avoidance isnot seen as breaking the law, proposing on the theoretical basis points of acts of legitimate tax avoidance is not anti-avoidance. Secondly, through data to analyze foreign-invested enterprises in Chinese investment and tax situation, in order to explain the harmforeign-invested enterprises avoidance and the necessity and urgency to strengthen anti-avoidance in China. Finally, there is an introduction on the main form of tax avoidance for Chinese foreign-invested enterprises. The second part focuses on China's foreign-invested enterprises use transfer pricing to avoid tax and the regulation issues. It is estimated that foreign-invested enterprises have used transfer pricing for tax avoidance more than 60% of the total amount. Therefore, it is very important for searching on the transfer pricing for tax avoidance issue. In this paper, firstly, I will understand the connotations of transfer pricing by the definition of transfer pricing and nature. Secondly, I will combine the actual situation of foreign-invested enterprises in China with the use of transfer pricing tax avoidance, in order to analyze its transfer pricing tax avoidance of the specific ways. Thirdly, I will propose the study of Chinese existing transfer pricing legislation system, including the principle of an independent transaction and the transactions of the finds that the transfer pricing adjustment and the appointment system of pricing and cost-sharing agreement by recalling Chinese transfer pricing legislation evolutionary process. Finally, I will give some legislative proposals of improving our transfer pricing tax system by the deficiencies of the regulatory system of transfer pricing legislation and the existing problems. The third part focuses on abuse of foreign-invested enterprises international taxation avoidance agreement and the issue of Regulation. Taxation agreements often have the mutual preferential terms between the parties. However, the explanations have differences or omissions; it will give some possibilities for abuse of international taxation agreements in tax avoidance by a number of concessions in terms of transnational taxpayer. As a relatively new method of tax avoidance, it is not only contrary to international law's basic goals, but also damage the national interests of the revenue seriously. This paper firstly introduces on the basic international issues on abuse of international taxation agreements in tax avoidance, in order to understand the meaning of international tax agreements from abuse of the meaning of international taxation agreement and the legal characteristics. Secondly, it analyses the ways of foreign-invested enterprises how to abuse of international tax agreements. Thirdly, it analysesChinese legislative status on abuse of the system of international taxation agreements. Finally, I will point out the legislative measures defects of the Chinese current international laws and domestic laws, thus to propose legislative proposals for improving the regulation of Chinese abuse of international tax agreements measures. The forth part focuses on Chinese foreign-invested enterprises to take advantage of tax havens and tax regulation issues. The US-led Western developed countries have made the tax havens legislations since the 1960s, using of tax avoidance and tax avoidance to regulate behavior and forming regulation system of relatively independent legal tax avoidance. However, the issues of tax havens in China gradually expand access to our vision by the proportion of the increased investment and the loss-making foreign-funded enterprises in recent years. The relevant legislation is also due to sporadic and low-level. Firstly, I will introduce the basic tax issues, including the definition of tax havens, the standards of OECD on tax havens, and other types of tax havens and tax avoidance. Secondly, it anglicizes the main ways for tax avoidance of foreign-invested enterprises in China. Thirdly, it anglicizes the use of anti-tax avoidance legislation in China and introduces controlled rules of foreign companies. Finally, the paper points out the legislative shortcomings of Chinese tax system and thus to make a perfect international anti-tax avoidance legislation.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2025-12-03
回到顶部