我国行业组织管理模式选择之探析

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作者:

马喆

导师:

唐忠民

导师单位:

行政法学院(纪检监察学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

行业组织;管理模式;政府主导;自主推动

摘要:

伴随着市场经济的不断发展和政府改革的步步深入,政府的职能开始 被重新界定,政府的权力也逐步从经济领域退出,政府的管理正渐渐由部 门管理、微观管理、直接管理向行业管理、宏观管理和间接管理转变。与 此相适应的,这些政府“不愿做,做不好,不常做”的经济事务逐渐由越 来越多的非国家组织承担起来,行业组织便是这其中重要的一员。而由于 我国处于社会转型期,由于历史以及体制一些方面的原因,我国的行业组 织地位不独立,立法不健全,人事制度不完善,行政色彩浓郁,缺乏服务 意识和志愿意识,无法发挥出行业组织应有的作用。因此正确处理行业组 织与政府机构的关系、加快构建行业组织管理体制模式,对于促进国家与 社会以及社会与市民之间的关系良性发展意义重大。本文正是将行业组织 的管理体制模式的选择作为探讨论证的最终落脚点,来尝试探寻较为合理 科学的制度安排,并最终将其法治化。 本文采取分类比较的研究方法,明确不同类型的行业组织与政府部门 的关系,从而来确定其管理模式的选择,从这个角度来论证行业组织,是 解决行业组织其它问题的症结所在,同时也具有很大的现实意义。本文的 逻辑结构是渐进式的递进结构,分为四大部分:首先,通过行业组织与其 它组织的比较来界定行业组织,并对其进行分类;其次,以此分类为基础 来分析行业组织与政府的关系;再次,以不同类型的行业组织与政府的关 系为出发点,选择行业组织的管理体制模式;最后,探讨行业组织管理体 制模式的理想法律建构,将其模式以法律形式固定下来并统一化。 在理论研究与实际应用中,由于人们的认识角度不同以及实用和研究 目的不同,在描述该类组织时经常各自使用不同的类似概念,因此,界定 行业组织与其它概念的异同,是对其研究的基础。同时,对行业组织进行 分类,更是探析其与政府关系及其管理模式的选择的前提与线索,有利于 针对具体的类别分析探讨。中介组织是行业组织的上位概念,而行业组织 是在我国发展最快,最具代表性的一类社会中介组织;非营利组织与行业 组织两个概念的侧重点不同。非营利组织侧重强调非营利性,行业组织的 根本属性是行业自治性;非政府组织强调非政府性,广义的包括所有非政 府性质的私人机构和企业,比行业组织宽泛的多,同时侧重点也不同。根 2 据行业组织组成部分的性质可以分为行业协会与职业协会,这是传统意义 上的分类方法。另外,根据行业组织与政府的关系,可以分为政府主导型 与自主推动型两种组织,这种分法具有现实意义,也是本文探讨行业组织 与政府关系及其管理模式选择的根本立足点。政府主导型行业组织是行业 组织的主力军,绝大多数的协会组织是在政府的主动安排下发展起来的。 但是,还存在着大量由民间自发组建,最后取得政府承认的行业组织,以 及功能类似行业组织的商会组织。自下而上的民间行业组织最初都源于市 场的需要,由行业内企业自愿发起。实际上,无论是政府培养建立起来的, 还是民间自发建立起来的,若要合法化必然要由官方认可并接受一定的管 理,所以此种分类只是依据政府对行业组织控制程度强弱而分。自主推动 型并非完全民间自由发展,只是市场自发与政府体制相结合。 行业组织与政府部门的关系是其管理模式选择的基础,因此,从发生 起源的角度来对行业组织进行分类,从而来具体分析其与政府部门的关系 更为可行和具体。政府主导型与政府的关系集中表现为政府控制的直接性 与具体化,具体表现在资金来源方面,服务对象方面,与业务主管的关系 方面等;自主推动型的行业组织一般都要通过登记核准来实现政府主管部 门对其的引导和推动,只是这类组织相对政府主导型,有更为独立的自治 权,与政府的依赖性也较低,总体来说政府对于自主推动型行业组织多扮 演宏观上的行政调控者和规制的执行者。理顺政府与行业组织的关系,明 确行业组织的地位,是选择行业组织管理模式的立足点。在市场经济中, 整个国民经济的管理分为宏观管理、行业管理和企业管理。宏观管理的主 体是政府,行业管理的主体是行业组织,企业主要进行微观管理。为了把 行业组织的发展作为政府职能转变的突破口,需要进一步理顺行业组织与 政府业务部门的关系。 目前的行业组织由于其先天性或者后天性的一些原因,并不能充分发 挥其应有的作用,且功能结构紊乱,其主要原因正在于行业组织管理体制 改革的严重滞后,而管理体制改革的滞后又在于政策制订者对未来体制模 式选择的不确定,由此影响到行业组织相关法律法规的制定和修改。因此, 基于上面的分析,本文把我国行业组织管理模式的选择问题建立在审视我 国现行管理模式存在的问题以及借鉴世界各国主要模式的基础上的。在我 国改革的过程中,行业组织的管理模式制度化不能一蹴而成,更不能一概 而论,本文基于不同类型的行业组织分析其与政府的关系,从而建立不同 3 类型的管理模式,这样既可以使管理模式的选择有充分的根源依据,也有 利于社会经济的稳定。政府主导型行业组织未来发展模式的总体性思路应 该是借鉴类似于台湾地区的控制干预型模式;同时借鉴日韩等亚洲国家的 中间型管理模式,以民间自发的自主推动型行业组织为突破口,来实现行 业组织管理模式的改革。

学科:

宪法学与行政法学

提交日期

2025-11-27

引用参考

马喆. 我国行业组织管理模式选择之探析[D]. 西南政法大学,2008.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 我国行业组织管理模式选择之探析
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20050301030138
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 马喆
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2008
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 唐忠民
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 行业组织;管理模式;政府主导;自主推动
  • dc.subject
  • Professional Associations;Management Mode;Government-led;Promote autonomy
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 伴随着市场经济的不断发展和政府改革的步步深入,政府的职能开始 被重新界定,政府的权力也逐步从经济领域退出,政府的管理正渐渐由部 门管理、微观管理、直接管理向行业管理、宏观管理和间接管理转变。与 此相适应的,这些政府“不愿做,做不好,不常做”的经济事务逐渐由越 来越多的非国家组织承担起来,行业组织便是这其中重要的一员。而由于 我国处于社会转型期,由于历史以及体制一些方面的原因,我国的行业组 织地位不独立,立法不健全,人事制度不完善,行政色彩浓郁,缺乏服务 意识和志愿意识,无法发挥出行业组织应有的作用。因此正确处理行业组 织与政府机构的关系、加快构建行业组织管理体制模式,对于促进国家与 社会以及社会与市民之间的关系良性发展意义重大。本文正是将行业组织 的管理体制模式的选择作为探讨论证的最终落脚点,来尝试探寻较为合理 科学的制度安排,并最终将其法治化。 本文采取分类比较的研究方法,明确不同类型的行业组织与政府部门 的关系,从而来确定其管理模式的选择,从这个角度来论证行业组织,是 解决行业组织其它问题的症结所在,同时也具有很大的现实意义。本文的 逻辑结构是渐进式的递进结构,分为四大部分:首先,通过行业组织与其 它组织的比较来界定行业组织,并对其进行分类;其次,以此分类为基础 来分析行业组织与政府的关系;再次,以不同类型的行业组织与政府的关 系为出发点,选择行业组织的管理体制模式;最后,探讨行业组织管理体 制模式的理想法律建构,将其模式以法律形式固定下来并统一化。 在理论研究与实际应用中,由于人们的认识角度不同以及实用和研究 目的不同,在描述该类组织时经常各自使用不同的类似概念,因此,界定 行业组织与其它概念的异同,是对其研究的基础。同时,对行业组织进行 分类,更是探析其与政府关系及其管理模式的选择的前提与线索,有利于 针对具体的类别分析探讨。中介组织是行业组织的上位概念,而行业组织 是在我国发展最快,最具代表性的一类社会中介组织;非营利组织与行业 组织两个概念的侧重点不同。非营利组织侧重强调非营利性,行业组织的 根本属性是行业自治性;非政府组织强调非政府性,广义的包括所有非政 府性质的私人机构和企业,比行业组织宽泛的多,同时侧重点也不同。根 2 据行业组织组成部分的性质可以分为行业协会与职业协会,这是传统意义 上的分类方法。另外,根据行业组织与政府的关系,可以分为政府主导型 与自主推动型两种组织,这种分法具有现实意义,也是本文探讨行业组织 与政府关系及其管理模式选择的根本立足点。政府主导型行业组织是行业 组织的主力军,绝大多数的协会组织是在政府的主动安排下发展起来的。 但是,还存在着大量由民间自发组建,最后取得政府承认的行业组织,以 及功能类似行业组织的商会组织。自下而上的民间行业组织最初都源于市 场的需要,由行业内企业自愿发起。实际上,无论是政府培养建立起来的, 还是民间自发建立起来的,若要合法化必然要由官方认可并接受一定的管 理,所以此种分类只是依据政府对行业组织控制程度强弱而分。自主推动 型并非完全民间自由发展,只是市场自发与政府体制相结合。 行业组织与政府部门的关系是其管理模式选择的基础,因此,从发生 起源的角度来对行业组织进行分类,从而来具体分析其与政府部门的关系 更为可行和具体。政府主导型与政府的关系集中表现为政府控制的直接性 与具体化,具体表现在资金来源方面,服务对象方面,与业务主管的关系 方面等;自主推动型的行业组织一般都要通过登记核准来实现政府主管部 门对其的引导和推动,只是这类组织相对政府主导型,有更为独立的自治 权,与政府的依赖性也较低,总体来说政府对于自主推动型行业组织多扮 演宏观上的行政调控者和规制的执行者。理顺政府与行业组织的关系,明 确行业组织的地位,是选择行业组织管理模式的立足点。在市场经济中, 整个国民经济的管理分为宏观管理、行业管理和企业管理。宏观管理的主 体是政府,行业管理的主体是行业组织,企业主要进行微观管理。为了把 行业组织的发展作为政府职能转变的突破口,需要进一步理顺行业组织与 政府业务部门的关系。 目前的行业组织由于其先天性或者后天性的一些原因,并不能充分发 挥其应有的作用,且功能结构紊乱,其主要原因正在于行业组织管理体制 改革的严重滞后,而管理体制改革的滞后又在于政策制订者对未来体制模 式选择的不确定,由此影响到行业组织相关法律法规的制定和修改。因此, 基于上面的分析,本文把我国行业组织管理模式的选择问题建立在审视我 国现行管理模式存在的问题以及借鉴世界各国主要模式的基础上的。在我 国改革的过程中,行业组织的管理模式制度化不能一蹴而成,更不能一概 而论,本文基于不同类型的行业组织分析其与政府的关系,从而建立不同 3 类型的管理模式,这样既可以使管理模式的选择有充分的根源依据,也有 利于社会经济的稳定。政府主导型行业组织未来发展模式的总体性思路应 该是借鉴类似于台湾地区的控制干预型模式;同时借鉴日韩等亚洲国家的 中间型管理模式,以民间自发的自主推动型行业组织为突破口,来实现行 业组织管理模式的改革。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Along with the constant development of the market economy and the in-depth reform step by step, the functions of government began to be re-defined, the Government's economic powers have gradually withdraw from the management of the government departments are gradually from management, micro-management, direct management of the industry management , the macro management and indirectly managing change. In line with this, the government was "unwilling to do so, the poor rarely do," Economic Affairs gradually from a growing number of non-state organizations commitment, and industry organizations this is an important one. And because our country was in the period of social transition, owing to historical and institutional reasons for some aspects of China's trade status is not an independent organization, the legislation is not perfect, the personnel system is imperfect, the rich color, the lack of awareness and voluntary service awareness, industry organizations can not play due role. Therefore the correct handling industry organizations and government agencies, and speed up building industry organization and management model for the promotion of state and society and the community and the public the relationship between the benign development of great significance. This paper is the industry organization model of the management system of choice as proof of the ultimate purpose, to try to explore a more scientific system for a reasonable and, ultimately, its rule of law. This article taken classification research methods clearly different types of industry organizations and government departments, thereby to determine the management mode of choice, from this perspective demonstrated industry organizations, other industry organizations to resolve the crux of the problem, but also a great practical significance. This paper is the logical structure of gradual progressive structure, is divided into four parts: Firstly, through trade organizations and other organizations to define industry organizations comparison, and its classification; Secondly, as the basis of classification of 2 industry organizations and government relations; again to the different types of industry organizations relationship with the Government as the starting point, industry organizations choose a management system model; Finally, the management system of industry organizations Legal Construction of the ideal model, the model will be fixed in a legal form and unity of. In the theoretical research and practical applications, because of people's different perspectives and understanding of practical and research purposes different from the description of each such organizations often use different similar concept, therefore, with other industry organizations to define the concept of similarities and differences, their research foundation. At the same time, industry organizations to classify, but also of its relations with the Government and the management mode of choice with the premise of clues to specific categories discussed. Intermediary organization is the concept of the top industry organizations, and industry organizations in China is the fastest growing and most representative of a social intermediary organizations; non-profit organizations and industry organizations focus on the concept of two different. Non-profit organizations that focus on non-profit and industry organizations is the fundamental attribute of autonomy industry, non-governmental organizations stressed that non-governmental, including the broad nature of all non-governmental agencies and private enterprises, trade organizations broader than, at the same time focus are also different. According to industry organizations can be divided into the nature of the trade associations and professional associations, which is the traditional sense of the classification method. In addition, according to industry organizations relationship with the Government, can be divided into government-led and driven by two independent organizations, this method is of practical significance, but also This paper discusses the relationship between industry organizations and mode selection and management of the fundamental starting point. Government-dominated industry organizations is the main force of industry organizations, the vast majority of the association's initiative is in the Government under the arrangement to develop. However, there are still a large number of people from the spontaneous formation, the Government 3 acknowledges that the final trades organizations, as well as industry organizations similar to the Chamber of Commerce organizations. Bottom-up the first non-governmental trade organizations have originated from the needs of the market, the industry initiated a voluntary enterprise. In fact, both the Government and set up training, or set up their own civil, if legalized by the government, must recognize and accept some management, such classification is based on the degree of control on the strength of industry organizations and points. Autonomy is not completely driven by the development of civil freedoms, but spontaneous market system combined with the Government. Industry organizations and government departments is the relationship between its management mode selective basis, therefore, from a perspective of the origin of the Organization classification of the industry, thereby to their specific analysis of the relationship between government departments and more feasible and concrete. Government-oriented relationship with the Government on the performance of the direct control of the Government and the details of the specific performance of the source of funds, services, and the relationship between the competent; independent industry organization driven by registration must be approved by the General competent government departments to achieve its guidance and promotion of such organizations is relatively government guidance, more independent of autonomy, with the lower the dependence of the whole government for the independence of industry organizations to promote more play on the macro-regulation and control and the implementation of those regulations. Government and industry organizations rationalize the relationship between the industry clearly the status of the organizations is selected trades on the standpoint of organization and management model. In a market economy, the whole national economy into the management of macro-management, trade management and enterprise management. Macroeconomic management is the main body of government, industry, the mainstay of the industry management organizations, enterprises, mainly micro-management. In order to the development of industry organizations as a breakthrough in the transformation of government functions, the need to further rationalize the industry bodies and the business sector. 4 The current industry organizations because of its congenital or acquired a number of reasons, and can not give full play to its role, structure and function of disorder, its main industry organization is in the serious lag in reform of the management system, and the lagging reform of the management system policy makers lies in the choice of model of the future uncertain, thus affecting industry-related laws and regulations in the formulation and revision. Therefore, based on the above analysis, the organization and management of China's trade patterns in the choice of the establishment of China's current management model to examine the problems and learning from the world's major countries on the basis of the model. In the process of China's reform and industry organizations management model can not be an instant success from institutionalized, can not be lumped together, Based on the different types of industry organizations of its relationship with the Government, so as to establish different types of management style, so that both can be managed Mode choices are fully based on the root causes, but also conducive to the socio-economic stability. Government-dominated industries for the future development of the overall pattern of thinking is similar to the Taiwan area from the control mode of intervention at the same time learn from Japan and South Korea, and other Asian countries in the middle-management mode and with non-spontaneous self-driven industry organizations as a breakthrough industry organizations to achieve management reform.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2025-11-27
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