论不动产抵押物的转让

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归属院系：

民商法学院（知识产权学院）

作者：

汤文英

导师：

孙鹏

导师单位：

民商法学院（知识产权学院）

学位：

硕士

语种：

中文

关键词：

不动产抵押;抵押物的转让;抵押权的追及力;物权公示

摘要：

抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权，可以自由转让抵押物。 当抵押人转让抵押物时，对抵押权人利益的保护是通过赋予抵押权人追及 权的方法来实现的。按传统民法的规定，不动产抵押后，抵押人的转让行 为对抵押权不发生影响，抵押权仍对抵押人已处分的不动产而存在，抵押 人有权追及至抵押财产的受让人行使抵押权，这即是抵押权的追及效力。 由于不动产有完善的登记公示制度，在不动产抵押物转让上，基本不 存在善意取得的问题。因而不动产物在转让时就不会出现抵押权人与善意 受让人的利益相互冲突的情况，法律可通过径直赋予追及力的方式保护抵 押权人。本文正是从上述角度出发，对我国限制不动产抵押物转让的制度 提出了质疑，并提出了自己的设计方案：对不动产抵押物的转让和动产抵 押物的转让分别立法，对于不动产抵押物的转让，主张抵押权的追及力； 对于动产抵押物的转让，可借鉴日本的“权利重叠并存说”理论，采取代位 权与追及权的“有先有后”的制度。 全文除导论外 共分五部分： 第一部分“ 抵押物转让的不同观点及辨析” 简要介绍和评析了“禁止 转让说”、“自由转让说”和“限制转让说”三种学说观点，并指出“自由转让 说”是主流观点，已为多数国家和地区的立法所采纳。 第二部分“ 抵押权的物权性质和公示原则与不动产抵押物的转让”先 分析了抵押权的物权性质表现在五个方面：支配性、排他性、追及性、优 先性和对世性，论证了抵押权本质上是一种物权。接着介绍了抵押权的登 记公示原则，得出结论：不动产有完善的登记公示制度，在不动产抵押物 转让上，基本不存在善意取得的问题。因而不动产抵押物在转让时就不会 出现抵押权人与善意受让人的利益相互冲突的情况，法律可通过径直赋予 追及力的方式保护抵押权人。 第三部分“ 抵押权的追及力与不动产抵押物的转让” 简要介绍了德 国、法国、日本等国家关于抵押权追及力的立法例，在了解了各国立法例 的基础上，介绍并评价了我国立法在抵押权追及力上的发展过程，批评了 《物权法》不承认抵押权追及力的规定，并指出抵押人可自由转让不动产 抵押物，但应赋予抵押权人追及权来保护抵押权人利益。 第四部分“ 我国 法律关于不动产抵押物转让的规定及缺陷” 主要阐 2 述了《物权法》关于抵押物转让的规定，并从不动产抵押物转让的程序和 转让的后果两个方面分析了我国法律关于不动产抵押物转让规定的缺陷。 第五部分“ 结论及建议” 首先要确认抵押人自由转让不动产抵押物的 权利；其次要确认不动产抵押权的追及效力；最后要妥善处理善意取得制 度与抵押权追及力的关系：对不动产抵押物的转让和动产抵押物的转让分 别立法，对于不动产抵押物的转让，主张抵押权的追及力；对于动产抵押 物的转让，可借鉴日本的“权利重叠并存说”理论，采取代位权与追及权的 “有先有后”的制度。

学科：

法律*

提交日期：

2025-11-18

引用参考：

汤文英. 论不动产抵押物的转让[D]. 西南政法大学,2008.

全文附件授权许可：

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 论不动产抵押物的转让
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20050301800798
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 汤文英
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 民商法学院（知识产权学院）
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2008
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 孙鹏
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 民商法学院（知识产权学院）
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 不动产抵押;抵押物的转让;抵押权的追及力 ; 物权公示
  • dc.subject
  • immovable mortgage; the transfer of mortgaged properties; the retroactivity of mortgage right;publication of proprietorship
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权，可以自由转让抵押物。 当抵押人转让抵押物时，对抵押权人利益的保护是通过赋予抵押权人追及 权的方法来实现的。按传统民法的规定，不动产抵押后，抵押人的转让行 为对抵押权不发生影响，抵押权仍对抵押人已处分的不动产而存在，抵押 人有权追及至抵押财产的受让人行使抵押权，这即是抵押权的追及效力。 由于不动产有完善的登记公示制度，在不动产抵押物转让上，基本不 存在善意取得的问题。因而不动产物在转让时就不会出现抵押权人与善意 受让人的利益相互冲突的情况，法律可通过径直赋予追及力的方式保护抵 押权人。本文正是从上述角度出发，对我国限制不动产抵押物转让的制度 提出了质疑，并提出了自己的设计方案：对不动产抵押物的转让和动产抵 押物的转让分别立法，对于不动产抵押物的转让，主张抵押权的追及力； 对于动产抵押物的转让，可借鉴日本的“权利重叠并存说”理论，采取代位 权与追及权的“有先有后”的制度。 全文除导论外 共分五部分： 第一部分“ 抵押物转让的不同观点及辨析” 简要介绍和评析了“禁止 转让说”、“自由转让说”和“限制转让说”三种学说观点，并指出“自由转让 说”是主流观点，已为多数国家和地区的立法所采纳。 第二部分“ 抵押权的物权性质和公示原则与不动产抵押物的转让”先 分析了抵押权的物权性质表现在五个方面：支配性、排他性、追及性、优 先性和对世性，论证了抵押权本质上是一种物权。接着介绍了抵押权的登 记公示原则，得出结论：不动产有完善的登记公示制度，在不动产抵押物 转让上，基本不存在善意取得的问题。因而不动产抵押物在转让时就不会 出现抵押权人与善意受让人的利益相互冲突的情况，法律可通过径直赋予 追及力的方式保护抵押权人。 第三部分“ 抵押权的追及力与不动产抵押物的转让” 简要介绍了德 国、法国、日本等国家关于抵押权追及力的立法例，在了解了各国立法例 的基础上，介绍并评价了我国立法在抵押权追及力上的发展过程，批评了 《物权法》不承认抵押权追及力的规定，并指出抵押人可自由转让不动产 抵押物，但应赋予抵押权人追及权来保护抵押权人利益。 第四部分“ 我国 法律关于不动产抵押物转让的规定及缺陷” 主要阐 2 述了《物权法》关于抵押物转让的规定，并从不动产抵押物转让的程序和 转让的后果两个方面分析了我国法律关于不动产抵押物转让规定的缺陷。 第五部分“ 结论及建议” 首先要确认抵押人自由转让不动产抵押物的 权利；其次要确认不动产抵押权的追及效力；最后要妥善处理善意取得制 度与抵押权追及力的关系：对不动产抵押物的转让和动产抵押物的转让分 别立法，对于不动产抵押物的转让，主张抵押权的追及力；对于动产抵押 物的转让，可借鉴日本的“权利重叠并存说”理论，采取代位权与追及权的 “有先有后”的制度。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The mortgagor is in possession of the right to deal with the mortgage in mortgage term and could transfer it freely. When the mortgagor transfers mortgage, the protection for the mortgagee is realized by way of authorizing the retroactivity of mortgage right to ensure his property. According to the regulations of the traditional civil law, after the mortgaging of the immovable property, the transfer actions the mortgagor will not affect the mortgage right, and the right is affecting in the way of the immovable property of the mortgagor. The mortgagor has the right to make the transferee who makes the mortgage to exercise the mortgage right, which is the continuing retroactivity effect of the mortgage right. Because of the perfect register publication system of the immovable property, as a whole, there is no problem of gaining with good intention in terms of the immovable property transfer. Consequently, the situation will not happen when there is collision of interests between the mortgagee and the well-intentioned transferee when transferring the immovable property, for the mortgagee is protected by law in the way of authorizing the continuing retroactivity of mortgage right to him. From the above perspective, the essay has put forward doubt about the system of restricting immovable mortgage transfer in China, and my own methods to solve the problem: making laws for the transfer of immovable mortgage and movable mortgage respectively, insisting the retroactivity of mortgage right for mortgage with regard to the transfer of immovable mortgage; adopting the system of “one after another” for the subrogation right and the retroactivity of mortgage right, with experience drawing on from the theory of “right to coexist overlapping ”in Japan.. Apart from the introduction, there are five parts about the essay: The first part is about "the different opinions and analysis of the mortgage transfer." In this part, I give brief introduction and analysis about of the three views, including "non-negotiable", "free-transfer" and "limited transfer". And I have also pointed that the mainstream view is the "free- II transfer", which is adopted by most countries and regions. The second part is about "the right of property collateral nature and principle of publicity and the transfer of immovable mortgage." In the beginning, I analyze the right of property collateral nature in five aspects: dominant, exclusive, the retroactivity ，the recovery and the priority of the world, and prove that the right of mortgage is essentially a right of property. The next, it introduces the registration of the mortgage principle of publicity. It concludes that immovable property has perfect system of notification of registration. There is no well-intentioned problems on the transfer of immovable mortgage. So there is also no conflict of interests between mortgagee and transferee on the transfer of immovable mortgage. The law can be passed straight to the way of protection of the retroactivity of mortgage right to mortgagee. The third part is "the retroactivity of mortgage right and the transfer of immovable mortgage. " It briefly introduces Germany, France, Japan and so on concerning about the legal regulation of the retroactivity of mortgage right. On the basis of understanding the national legal regulation, it introduces and evaluates the development process of Chinese regulation in the retroactivity of mortgage right. It also criticizes that the "Property Law" does not recognize the rule of retroactivity of mortgage right. Mortgagor can transfer immovable mortgage things freely, but the mortgagee should be given the retroactivity of mortgage right to protect the mortgagee’s interests. The fourth part is "China's laws on the transfer of immovable mortgage requirements and defects." It mainly states that the "Property Law" concerned about rules of mortgage transfer. And it analyzes the defects of our country's law on the transfer of immovable mortgage things from two aspects：the aspect of the transfer procedures of immovable mortgage things and the aspect of consequence. The fifth part is "conclusions and recommendations." First, we should confirm the free right of immovable mortgage’s transference. The second is to confirm the retroactivity of mortgage right of the immovable mortgage. Finally, we should properly deal with the relationship between the III well-intentioned regulations and the retroactivity of mortgage right, and legislate respectively to the transfer of immovable mortgage and movable mortgage. As for the transfer of immovable property, we advocate the retroactivity of mortgage right; As for the transfer of movable property mortgage, we can borrow from Japan's "right to coexist overlapping" theory and adopt the system of "one after another" the right of subrogation and the right of the retroactivity of mortgage right.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2025-11-18
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