论互联网平台权力的运行风险及其法律治理

On the Operational Risk of Internet Platform Power and Its Legal Governance

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作者:

宫淑珺

摘要:

互联网、大数据以及人工智能的到来,互联网平台不断积聚信息资源以及数据资源,传统地位发生了改变,从原来被政府管理的平台企业转变为与政府并肩治理互联网秩序的合作伙伴。此突破冲击了传统公私二分的权力体系,形成了互联网空间治理中用户-平台-政府三层法律关系。对权力的规制是自古以来永恒不变的话题,互联网平台权力作为一种新兴权力,如何对其有效治理不仅是政府所面对的难题,也是理论学界所应共同关注的挑战。为此,本文从互联网平台权力的运行风险入手探讨平台权力的治理之策。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分从社会基础分析了互联网平台权力的生成背景以及概念特征。平台经济迅速崛起,推动了相关行业的生产和消费的重大变革,互联网平台成为新经济引领者,互联网平台不断地向传统经济渗透,以谷歌、苹果、阿里巴巴等为代表的科技型跨国公司聚焦建设平台 、培育生态,持续强化平台型发展模式,催生了平台权力。数字时代,平台权力的内涵也被赋予了新的特征,平台权力的主体、内容、来源均和传统权力存在区别。第二部分对互联网平台权力的运行进行分析。第一,阐述互联网平台权力运行的逻辑基础,互联网平台权力本质上是一种技术权力,这构成了互联网平台运行的基础;利用技术相互作用不断强化自己的依赖属性,加强对用户的控制;技术是基础,认同和数据则是强化和支撑,互联网平台权力改变了传统社会的认同模式,帮助社会民众重构自己的社会认同,从而形成用户依赖。平台利用技术进行分析整理而获得具有利用价值的数据,通过数据对用户进行画像、个性化定制,制造大数据杀熟以及信息茧房。第二,讨论互联网平台权力运行的具体内容;互联网平台主要通过规则制定权、数据控制权以及行为管制权来对网络秩序进行治理。第三部分是互联网平台权力的运行风险。本文从侵害个人权利,损害公共利益以及侵蚀国家权力三个方面分析平台权力的运行风险。首先,互联网平台滥用规则制定权、行为管制权以及数据控制权对用户强加意志,侵害用户的知情权、救济权、隐私权以及选择权。其次,互联网平台作为市场私主体,滥用市场支配地位,实施垄断行为,并构筑围墙花园,阻碍数据流通,挑战我国市场经济确立的公序良俗原则,损害我国的社会公共利益。最后,互联网平台作为拥有准立法权、行政权、司法权的主体,存在和国家政府抗衡的可能;在公共平台与国家叫板无疑损害了国家的权威和公信力,对数据的封锁直接妨碍了政府的执法效率,利用避风港原则间接逃避了政府的规制。第四个部分是互联网平台权力的法律治理。当前,互联网平台权力作为一种新兴权力,与其相关的法律体系尚不健全,治理机制仍需完善。笔者从三个方面入手,运用权力制约理论打造互联网平台权力多元共治的模式。首先,运用国家权力制约互联网平台权力,建立平台规则的备案审查制度对平台权力进行制约;此外,建立平台权力清单制度以及强化数据的反垄断监管强化权力制约。其次,利用用户权利对抗平台权力,构建用户参与机制、完善用户权益救济机制来对互联网平台权力进行监督和制约;最后,加强平台行业自律;根据权责一致原则强化平台主体责任,建设平台公开机制,接受用户以及政府的监督,并依法使用用户数据,强化用户数据的安全保障责任。

语种:

中文

学科:

法学理论

提交日期

2024-06-20

引用参考

宫淑珺. 论互联网平台权力的运行风险及其法律治理[D]. 西南政法大学,2024.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 论互联网平台权力的运行风险及其法律治理
  • dc.title
  • On the Operational Risk of Internet Platform Power and Its Legal Governance
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20210301010346
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 宫淑珺
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2024
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 实践法学
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 郭忠
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院(纪检监察学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 平台权力,运行风险,法律治理
  • dc.subject
  • Operational Risks; Legal Governance; Internet Platform Power
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 互联网、大数据以及人工智能的到来,互联网平台不断积聚信息资源以及数据资源,传统地位发生了改变,从原来被政府管理的平台企业转变为与政府并肩治理互联网秩序的合作伙伴。此突破冲击了传统公私二分的权力体系,形成了互联网空间治理中用户-平台-政府三层法律关系。对权力的规制是自古以来永恒不变的话题,互联网平台权力作为一种新兴权力,如何对其有效治理不仅是政府所面对的难题,也是理论学界所应共同关注的挑战。为此,本文从互联网平台权力的运行风险入手探讨平台权力的治理之策。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分从社会基础分析了互联网平台权力的生成背景以及概念特征。平台经济迅速崛起,推动了相关行业的生产和消费的重大变革,互联网平台成为新经济引领者,互联网平台不断地向传统经济渗透,以谷歌、苹果、阿里巴巴等为代表的科技型跨国公司聚焦建设平台 、培育生态,持续强化平台型发展模式,催生了平台权力。数字时代,平台权力的内涵也被赋予了新的特征,平台权力的主体、内容、来源均和传统权力存在区别。第二部分对互联网平台权力的运行进行分析。第一,阐述互联网平台权力运行的逻辑基础,互联网平台权力本质上是一种技术权力,这构成了互联网平台运行的基础;利用技术相互作用不断强化自己的依赖属性,加强对用户的控制;技术是基础,认同和数据则是强化和支撑,互联网平台权力改变了传统社会的认同模式,帮助社会民众重构自己的社会认同,从而形成用户依赖。平台利用技术进行分析整理而获得具有利用价值的数据,通过数据对用户进行画像、个性化定制,制造大数据杀熟以及信息茧房。第二,讨论互联网平台权力运行的具体内容;互联网平台主要通过规则制定权、数据控制权以及行为管制权来对网络秩序进行治理。第三部分是互联网平台权力的运行风险。本文从侵害个人权利,损害公共利益以及侵蚀国家权力三个方面分析平台权力的运行风险。首先,互联网平台滥用规则制定权、行为管制权以及数据控制权对用户强加意志,侵害用户的知情权、救济权、隐私权以及选择权。其次,互联网平台作为市场私主体,滥用市场支配地位,实施垄断行为,并构筑围墙花园,阻碍数据流通,挑战我国市场经济确立的公序良俗原则,损害我国的社会公共利益。最后,互联网平台作为拥有准立法权、行政权、司法权的主体,存在和国家政府抗衡的可能;在公共平台与国家叫板无疑损害了国家的权威和公信力,对数据的封锁直接妨碍了政府的执法效率,利用避风港原则间接逃避了政府的规制。第四个部分是互联网平台权力的法律治理。当前,互联网平台权力作为一种新兴权力,与其相关的法律体系尚不健全,治理机制仍需完善。笔者从三个方面入手,运用权力制约理论打造互联网平台权力多元共治的模式。首先,运用国家权力制约互联网平台权力,建立平台规则的备案审查制度对平台权力进行制约;此外,建立平台权力清单制度以及强化数据的反垄断监管强化权力制约。其次,利用用户权利对抗平台权力,构建用户参与机制、完善用户权益救济机制来对互联网平台权力进行监督和制约;最后,加强平台行业自律;根据权责一致原则强化平台主体责任,建设平台公开机制,接受用户以及政府的监督,并依法使用用户数据,强化用户数据的安全保障责任。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • With the arrival of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence, Internet platforms continue to accumulate information resources and data resources, and their traditional status has changed, from platform enterprises that were originally managed by the government to partners that govern the Internet order side by side with the government. This breakthrough impacts the traditional public-private power system and forms a three-tier legal relationship between users, platforms and governments in Internet space governance. The regulation of power has been an eternal topic since ancient times. As a new power, how to effectively govern the power of Internet platform is not only a difficult problem faced by the government, but also a challenge that should be paid attention to by the theoretical circle. Therefore, this paper discusses the governance strategy of platform power from the operation and governance of Internet platform power.This paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the generation background and concept characteristics of Internet platform power from the social basis. The rapid rise of the platform economy has promoted major changes in the production and consumption of related industries. Internet platforms have become the leaders of the new economy, and Internet platforms have continuously penetrated into the traditional economy. Scientific and technological multinational companies represented by Google, Apple and Alibaba have focused on building platforms, cultivating ecology, and continuously strengthening the platform development model, which has given birth to the platform power. In the digital age, the connotation of platform power has been endowed with new characteristics, and the subject, content and source of platform power are different from traditional power.The second part analyzes the operation of Internet platform power. First, it expounds the logical basis of Internet platform power operation, Internet platform power is essentially a kind of technical power, which constitutes the basis of Internet platform operation; The use of technology interaction to strengthen their dependence attributes, strengthen the control of users; Technology is the foundation, and identification and data are the strengthening and support. The power of Internet platforms has changed the identification mode of traditional society and helped social people to reconstruct their social identity, thus forming user dependence and social identity. The platform uses technology for analysis and collation to obtain valuable data, and carries out portraits and personalized customization of users through the data to create big data killing and information cocoon. Second, discuss the specific content of power operation of Internet platform; The Internet platform mainly manages the network order through the right of rule-making, data control and behavior control.The third part is the operation risk of Internet platform power. This paper analyzes the operational risks of platform power from three aspects: infringement of individual rights, damage to public interests and erosion of state power. First of all, Internet platforms abuse the power of rule-making, behavior control and data control to impose their will on users, infringing on users' right to know, right to remedy, right to privacy and right to choose. Secondly, the Internet platform, as the private subject of the market, abuses the dominant position of the market, carries out monopolistic behavior, and builds a walled garden, hinders the circulation of data, challenges the public order and good customs principle established by the market economy of our country, and damages the social public interests of our country. Finally, as a subject with quasi-legislative, executive and judicial power, the Internet platform has the possibility of competing with the national government. Challenging the state on a public platform undoubtedly damages the authority and credibility of the state, blocking data directly impedes the efficiency of the government's law enforcement, and indirectly evades government regulations by using the safe haven principle.The fourth part is the legal governance of Internet platform power. At present, the power of Internet platform is a new power, and its related legal system is not perfect, and the governance mechanism still needs to be improved. Starting from three aspects, the author uses the power restriction theory to build a model of Internet platform power pluralism and co-governance. First, the use of state power to restrict the power of Internet platforms, the establishment of the platform rules of the record review system to restrict the platform power; In addition, the establishment of the platform power list system and strengthen the data monopoly supervision to strengthen power constraints. Secondly, use user rights to fight platform power, build user participation mechanism, improve user rights and interests relief mechanism to supervise and restrict the power of Internet platforms; Finally, strengthen the self-discipline of platform industry; Strengthen the main responsibility of the platform according to the principle of consistency of power and responsibility, build a platform disclosure mechanism, accept the supervision of users and the government, and use user data according to law, and strengthen the security responsibility of user data.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2024-06-20
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2024-05-19
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