审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Full Coverage of Lawyer Defense during the Trial Stage

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归属院系:

法学院

作者:

陈浩

摘要:

刑事案件律师辩护全覆盖工作自2017年开展以来,在提高刑事案件辩护率上取得了巨大成就,对于加强基本人权保障、维护司法公正有着重要意义。审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖是最先开始试点实施的工作,但其发展至今仍有诸多问题,在律师辩护向审查起诉阶段覆盖的新阶段背景下,还需要解决审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题。目前我国对律师辩护全覆盖的研究已有一定数量,但这些研究都没有能够全面地把握我国律师辩护全覆盖试点工作运行过程中的核心问题,仅将目光聚集于某一制度、某一机制或某一具体问题的完善。本文将运用实证研究方法系统地分析律师辩护全覆盖试点工作中存在的问题,并尝试提出解决建议,正文分为四个部分,全文约三万余字。第一部分介绍我国律师辩护全覆盖的基本情况。首先,对律师辩护全覆盖的发展历程进行梳理。通过梳理我国律师辩护全覆盖的历史发展过程,了解我国律师辩护全覆盖的初衷以及背后蕴含的价值观,以史为鉴也可以让我们找到未来律师辩护全覆盖的发展方向。其次,对律师辩护全覆盖的基本形式进行介绍。通过介绍我国目前律师辩护全覆盖所处的阶段和基本形式,了解目前我国律师辩护全覆盖的基本情况。最后,对律师辩护全覆盖的实施至今所取得的效果予以肯定。通过回顾已经取得的成果,领会律师辩护全覆盖的实施过程中蕴含的精神,并作为未来发展方向的指引。第二部分运用实证分析方法考察我国审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖运行情况。首先,对审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实施的总体情况进行考察。其中包括我国律师资源总体与分布情况、律师辩护全覆盖经费保障情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护率总体情况。其次,对G省审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实施情况进行考察。主要包括我国G省地区律师资源总体情况、法律援助案件情况、法律援助经费支出情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护质量情况等。第三部分通过实证考察与理论分析相结合的方式发现审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题。第一,现阶段难以实现实质意义上的律师辩护全覆盖。将目前我国实现律师辩护全覆盖的三种主要形式逐一进行分析:委托辩护难以大规模覆盖适用,值班律师制度由于值班律师的职能定位不清以及提供的法律帮助作用有限而难以实现律师辩护全覆盖,法律援助辩护制度由于适用范围过于狭窄而难以实现律师辩护全覆盖。第二,法律援助辩护质量欠佳。辩护质量问题作为一直困扰法律援助制度有效运行的难题,具体表现为法律援助律师辩护形式化,究其成因主要有法律援助律师经验不足、质量监督与评估机制不完善两大方面。第三,律师辩护全覆盖制度衔接不畅。从实践中来看,律师辩护全覆盖的衔接问题主要表现为相关工作机制衔接不畅、值班律师制度与法律援助制度衔接不畅两大方面。第四,律师辩护全覆盖保障不足。具体表现为律师资源不足、经费保障不足两大方面。第四部分对审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题进行分析并给出完善意见。第一,完善现有法律援助体系。首先是完善值班律师制度,提升值班律师提供法律帮助在审判程序中的作用,其次是进一步完善法律援助制度,提高法律援助辩护的水平,然后在上述基础上构建完善的法律援助体系。第二,提升法律援助辩护质量。通过优化辩护律师资质审查制度、完善辩护质量监督与评估制度、建立无效辩护制度来有效提升法律援助辩护水平,提高法律援助辩护质量。第三,畅通律师辩护全覆盖的制度衔接。通过完善立法、强化及时告知机制、建立常态化反馈机制,畅通相关工作机制。通过,完善值班律师卷宗制度、建立案情表格制度,畅通值班律师与法律援助的制度衔接。第四,加强律师辩护全覆盖的保障基础。通过建立并完善公设辩护人制度、完善律师资源跨区流动制度等方式优化刑事辩护律师多元化供给机制。通过加强高校新刑事诉讼人才培养、加强刑事辩护业务培训、建立法律援助律师人才库等方式加强刑事辩护律师人才培养。通过加大政府财政投入、吸纳社会资金拓宽法律援助经费来源等方式提高法律援助经费保障水平。

语种:

中文

提交日期

2024-06-13

引用参考

陈浩. 审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实证研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2024.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实证研究
  • dc.title
  • An Empirical Study on the Full Coverage of Lawyer Defense during the Trial Stage
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20220351021891
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 陈浩
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士专业学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2024
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 刑事诉讼法
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张能全
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 辩护全覆盖,刑事案件,法律援助,值班律师
  • dc.subject
  • Full coverage of defense; Criminal cases; Legal aid; Duty lawyer
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 刑事案件律师辩护全覆盖工作自2017年开展以来,在提高刑事案件辩护率上取得了巨大成就,对于加强基本人权保障、维护司法公正有着重要意义。审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖是最先开始试点实施的工作,但其发展至今仍有诸多问题,在律师辩护向审查起诉阶段覆盖的新阶段背景下,还需要解决审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题。目前我国对律师辩护全覆盖的研究已有一定数量,但这些研究都没有能够全面地把握我国律师辩护全覆盖试点工作运行过程中的核心问题,仅将目光聚集于某一制度、某一机制或某一具体问题的完善。本文将运用实证研究方法系统地分析律师辩护全覆盖试点工作中存在的问题,并尝试提出解决建议,正文分为四个部分,全文约三万余字。第一部分介绍我国律师辩护全覆盖的基本情况。首先,对律师辩护全覆盖的发展历程进行梳理。通过梳理我国律师辩护全覆盖的历史发展过程,了解我国律师辩护全覆盖的初衷以及背后蕴含的价值观,以史为鉴也可以让我们找到未来律师辩护全覆盖的发展方向。其次,对律师辩护全覆盖的基本形式进行介绍。通过介绍我国目前律师辩护全覆盖所处的阶段和基本形式,了解目前我国律师辩护全覆盖的基本情况。最后,对律师辩护全覆盖的实施至今所取得的效果予以肯定。通过回顾已经取得的成果,领会律师辩护全覆盖的实施过程中蕴含的精神,并作为未来发展方向的指引。第二部分运用实证分析方法考察我国审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖运行情况。首先,对审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实施的总体情况进行考察。其中包括我国律师资源总体与分布情况、律师辩护全覆盖经费保障情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护率总体情况。其次,对G省审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖实施情况进行考察。主要包括我国G省地区律师资源总体情况、法律援助案件情况、法律援助经费支出情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护情况、刑事案件审判阶段辩护质量情况等。第三部分通过实证考察与理论分析相结合的方式发现审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题。第一,现阶段难以实现实质意义上的律师辩护全覆盖。将目前我国实现律师辩护全覆盖的三种主要形式逐一进行分析:委托辩护难以大规模覆盖适用,值班律师制度由于值班律师的职能定位不清以及提供的法律帮助作用有限而难以实现律师辩护全覆盖,法律援助辩护制度由于适用范围过于狭窄而难以实现律师辩护全覆盖。第二,法律援助辩护质量欠佳。辩护质量问题作为一直困扰法律援助制度有效运行的难题,具体表现为法律援助律师辩护形式化,究其成因主要有法律援助律师经验不足、质量监督与评估机制不完善两大方面。第三,律师辩护全覆盖制度衔接不畅。从实践中来看,律师辩护全覆盖的衔接问题主要表现为相关工作机制衔接不畅、值班律师制度与法律援助制度衔接不畅两大方面。第四,律师辩护全覆盖保障不足。具体表现为律师资源不足、经费保障不足两大方面。第四部分对审判阶段律师辩护全覆盖中存在的问题进行分析并给出完善意见。第一,完善现有法律援助体系。首先是完善值班律师制度,提升值班律师提供法律帮助在审判程序中的作用,其次是进一步完善法律援助制度,提高法律援助辩护的水平,然后在上述基础上构建完善的法律援助体系。第二,提升法律援助辩护质量。通过优化辩护律师资质审查制度、完善辩护质量监督与评估制度、建立无效辩护制度来有效提升法律援助辩护水平,提高法律援助辩护质量。第三,畅通律师辩护全覆盖的制度衔接。通过完善立法、强化及时告知机制、建立常态化反馈机制,畅通相关工作机制。通过,完善值班律师卷宗制度、建立案情表格制度,畅通值班律师与法律援助的制度衔接。第四,加强律师辩护全覆盖的保障基础。通过建立并完善公设辩护人制度、完善律师资源跨区流动制度等方式优化刑事辩护律师多元化供给机制。通过加强高校新刑事诉讼人才培养、加强刑事辩护业务培训、建立法律援助律师人才库等方式加强刑事辩护律师人才培养。通过加大政府财政投入、吸纳社会资金拓宽法律援助经费来源等方式提高法律援助经费保障水平。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Since 2017, the full coverage of criminal case defense by lawyers has achieved great success in improving the defense rate of criminal cases, which is of great significance for strengthening the protection of basic human rights and maintaining judicial fairness. The full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage was the first pilot implementation work, but its development still has many problems. In the context of the new stage of lawyer defense coverage from review to prosecution, it is still necessary to solve the problems in the full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage. At present, there is a certain amount of research on the full coverage of lawyer defense in China, but these studies have not been able to comprehensively grasp the core issues in the operation of the pilot work of full coverage of lawyer defense in China. They only focus on the improvement of a certain system, mechanism, or specific problem. This article will use empirical research methods to systematically analyze the problems in the pilot work of full coverage of lawyer defense, and attempt to propose solutions. The main text is divided into four parts, with a total of about 30000 words.The first part introduces the basic situation of full coverage of lawyer defense in criminal cases in China. Firstly, sort out the development process of full coverage of lawyer defense. By reviewing the historical development process of full coverage of lawyer defense in China, we can understand the original intention and underlying values of full coverage of lawyer defense in China. Taking history as a lesson can also help us find the future development direction of full coverage of lawyer defense. Secondly, introduce the basic forms of full coverage of lawyer defense. By introducing the current stage and basic form of full coverage of lawyer defense in China, we can understand the basic situation of full coverage of lawyer defense in China. Finally, the implementation of full coverage of lawyer defense has been recognized for its effectiveness so far. By reviewing the achievements already made, understanding the spirit contained in the implementation process of full coverage of lawyer defense, and serving as a guide for future development direction.The second part uses empirical analysis methods to examine the full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage in China. Firstly, examine the overall implementation of full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage. This includes the overall and distribution of lawyer resources in China, the funding guarantee for full coverage of lawyer defense, and the overall defense rate during the trial stage of criminal cases. Secondly, investigate the implementation of full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage in G province. This mainly includes the overall situation of lawyer resources in G province of China, the situation of legal aid cases, the expenditure of legal aid funds, the defense situation during the criminal case trial stage, and the quality of defense during the criminal case trial stage.The third part discovers the problems in the full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage through a combination of empirical investigation and theoretical analysis. Firstly, it is currently difficult to achieve full coverage of lawyer defense in a substantive sense. Analyze the three main forms of achieving full coverage of lawyer defense in China one by one: entrusted defense is difficult to apply on a large scale, the on duty lawyer system is difficult to achieve full coverage of lawyer defense due to unclear functional positioning of on duty lawyers and limited legal assistance provided, and the legal aid defense system is difficult to achieve full coverage of lawyer defense due to its narrow scope of application. Secondly, the quality of legal aid defense is poor. The quality of defense has always been a difficult problem that troubles the effective operation of the legal aid system, which is manifested in the formalization of defense by legal aid lawyers. The main causes are the lack of experience of legal aid lawyers and the imperfect quality supervision and evaluation mechanism. Thirdly, the full coverage system for lawyer defense is not well connected. From a practical perspective, the connection problem of full coverage of lawyer defense mainly manifests in two aspects: poor connection of relevant work mechanisms and poor connection between the on duty lawyer system and the legal aid system. Fourthly, the full coverage of lawyer defense is insufficient. Specifically, it is manifested in two aspects: insufficient lawyer resources and insufficient financial support.The fourth part analyzes the problems existing in the full coverage of lawyer defense during the trial stage and provides suggestions for improvement. Firstly, improve the existing legal aid system. Firstly, it is necessary to improve the on duty lawyer system and enhance the role of on duty lawyers in providing legal assistance in the trial process. Secondly, further improve the legal aid system and enhance the level of legal aid defense, and then build a sound legal aid system based on the above foundation. Secondly, improve the quality of legal aid defense. By optimizing the qualification review system for defense lawyers, improving the supervision and evaluation system for defense quality, and establishing an ineffective defense system, we can effectively improve the level and quality of legal aid defense. Thirdly, to facilitate the institutional connection of full coverage of lawyer defense. By improving legislation, strengthening timely notification mechanisms, and establishing normalized feedback mechanisms, relevant work mechanisms can be streamlined. By improving the legal aid file system for on duty lawyers, establishing a case table system, and facilitating the connection between on duty lawyers and legal aid systems. Fourthly, strengthen the guarantee foundation for full coverage of lawyer defense. Optimize the diversified supply mechanism of criminal defense lawyers by establishing and improving the system of public defenders and the system of cross regional flow of lawyer resources. By strengthening the training of new criminal litigation talents in universities, strengthening the training of criminal legal aid defense business, and establishing a talent pool for criminal legal aid lawyers, we aim to enhance the training of criminal defense lawyers. By increasing government financial investment and absorbing social funds to broaden the sources of legal aid funding, we can improve the level of legal aid funding security.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2024-06-13
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2024-05-26
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