论民法典第16条的限缩解释——以胎儿不能成为征地补偿对象而展开

On Restrictive Interpretation of Article 16 of the Civil Code

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归属学者：

谭启平

归属院系：

民商法学院（知识产权学院）

作者：

谭启平1

摘要：

我国法上的胎儿利益保护问题,在规范调整上经历了从继承法、民法总则到民法典的发展变化过程。从权利能力制度的本质要求与民法体系解释两个维度来看,事实上无法得出胎儿具有民事权利能力并能成为民事主体的结论。关于胎儿利益的保护范围,"视为"立法技术的运用要求限缩解释。同时,胎儿接受赠与存在立法、司法难题及道德和法律风险,胎儿不宜享有损害赔偿请求权,胎儿不能成为征地补偿对象,民法典第16条之于胎儿接受赠与、损害赔偿和征地补偿的解释应特别谨慎,在适用中更应当予以抑制。

出版日期：

2020-06-04

学科：

民商法学

收录：

CSSCI

提交日期：

2020-07-22

引用参考：

谭启平. 论民法典第16条的限缩解释——以胎儿不能成为征地补偿对象而展开[J]. 东方法学,2020(04):184-195.

  • dc.title
  • 论民法典第16条的限缩解释——以胎儿不能成为征地补偿对象而展开
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 谭启平
  • dc.contributor.author
  • Tan Qiping
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 西南政法大学民商法学院
  • dc.publisher
  • 东方法学
  • dc.publisher
  • Oriental Law
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2020
  • dc.identifier.issue
  • 04
  • dc.identifier.volume
  • No.76
  • dc.identifier.page
  • 184-195
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2020-06-04
  • dc.subject
  • 民法典第16条;民法典1155条;胎儿利益保护;征地补偿对象;民事主体资格;损害赔偿请求权
  • dc.subject
  • artide 16 of the Civil Code;article 1155 of the Civil Code;protection of fetal interests;objects of compensation for land acquisition;qualifications of civil subject;claim for damages
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 我国法上的胎儿利益保护问题,在规范调整上经历了从继承法、民法总则到民法典的发展变化过程。从权利能力制度的本质要求与民法体系解释两个维度来看,事实上无法得出胎儿具有民事权利能力并能成为民事主体的结论。关于胎儿利益的保护范围,"视为"立法技术的运用要求限缩解释。同时,胎儿接受赠与存在立法、司法难题及道德和法律风险,胎儿不宜享有损害赔偿请求权,胎儿不能成为征地补偿对象,民法典第16条之于胎儿接受赠与、损害赔偿和征地补偿的解释应特别谨慎,在适用中更应当予以抑制。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • With regard to the protection of the interests of the fetus in Chinese law, the normative adjustment process has gone through a process of development and change from the Inheritance Law, the General Principles of Civil Law to the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China. In fact, it is impossible to conclude that the fetus has civil capacity and can become a civil subject when viewed in two dimensions: the essential requirements of the system of capacity and the basic requirements of the interpretation of the civil law system. With regard to the scope of protection of the interests of the foetus, the application of the "deemed" legislative technique requires a limited interpretation. At the same time, there are legislative and judicial difficulties and moral and legal risks associated with the acceptance of a gift by a fetus, and it is not appropriate for the fetus to have the right to claim compensation for damages, and the fetus cannot be the subject of compensation for expropriation of land. The interpretation of article 16 of the Civil Code regarding the acceptance of a gift, compensation for damages and compensation for expropriation of land by a fetus should be made with particular caution and, in particular, should be suppressed in its application.
  • dc.identifier.CN
  • 31-2008/D
  • dc.identifier.issn
  • 1674-4039
  • dc.identifier.if
  • 1.942
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D923
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