夫妻共同债务认定问题探析——基于对法释[2018]2号实践状况的考察

Analysis on the Identification of Joint Debt of Husband and Wife——Based on the Investigation of the Implementation of the Judicial Interpretation No.2[2018]

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归属学者：

肖晖

归属院系：

法学院

作者：

肖晖1 ;訾培玉

摘要：

除夫妻一方因家事代理所负之债直接推定为夫妻共同债务外,法释[2018]2号将夫妻共同债务的证明责任分配给债权人,导致大量债权人因举证不能而败诉。为减轻债权人证明负担,司法实践和学理研究中出现了扩张夫妻"共债合意"、降低证明标准、改变证明责任分配规则等乱象。《民法典婚姻家庭编(草案)》采纳法释[2018]2号认定规则背景下,为平衡债权人和举债人配偶权益,法官认定夫妻债务性质过程中,应当扩张解释夫妻"共债合意",根据举债人配偶知情、还款等特定行为,认定夫妻达成共同举债的意思表示;对于家事代理之债,应以外观可识别性为准作出夫妻共同债务推定;对夫妻共同生活的判定,在债权人承担证明责任基础上,需加大职权查明力度。

出版日期：

2020-01-15

学科：

民商法学

提交日期：

2020-04-16

引用参考：

肖晖;訾培玉. 夫妻共同债务认定问题探析——基于对法释[2018]2号实践状况的考察[J]. 学术探索,2020(01):75-83.

  • dc.title
  • 夫妻共同债务认定问题探析——基于对法释[2018]2号实践状况的考察
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 肖晖;訾培玉
  • dc.contributor.author
  • XIAO Hui;ZI Pei-yu;School of Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 西南政法大学法学院
  • dc.publisher
  • 学术探索
  • dc.publisher
  • Academic Exploration
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2020
  • dc.identifier.issue
  • 01
  • dc.identifier.volume
  • No.242
  • dc.identifier.page
  • 75-83
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2020-01-15
  • dc.subject
  • 夫妻共同债务;共债共签;家事代理;夫妻共同生活;证明责任
  • dc.subject
  • joint debt of husband and wife;joint debt signing;family affairs agency;joint life of husband and wife;burden of proof
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 除夫妻一方因家事代理所负之债直接推定为夫妻共同债务外,法释[2018]2号将夫妻共同债务的证明责任分配给债权人,导致大量债权人因举证不能而败诉。为减轻债权人证明负担,司法实践和学理研究中出现了扩张夫妻"共债合意"、降低证明标准、改变证明责任分配规则等乱象。《民法典婚姻家庭编(草案)》采纳法释[2018]2号认定规则背景下,为平衡债权人和举债人配偶权益,法官认定夫妻债务性质过程中,应当扩张解释夫妻"共债合意",根据举债人配偶知情、还款等特定行为,认定夫妻达成共同举债的意思表示;对于家事代理之债,应以外观可识别性为准作出夫妻共同债务推定;对夫妻共同生活的判定,在债权人承担证明责任基础上,需加大职权查明力度。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Except for the debt of the husband or wife due to the family agency, which is directly presumed to be the joint debt of the husband and wife, Law Interpretation [2018] No.2 assigns the burden of proof the husband and wife joint debt to the creditor, resulting in a large number of creditors losing their lawsuits because of the failure of proof. To ease the proof burden of the creditor, there have been cases of expanding the couple's "co-debt agreement", reducing the standard of proof, and changing the rules of distribution of the burden of proof in the judicial practice and academic research. However, the Law Interpretation [2018] No.2 has been adopted by The Civil Code Marriage and Family Draft. Under this context, in the process of the determination of the nature of the debt, the judge should expand the explanation of the husband and wife "co-debt agreement" and determine whether the husband and wife have reached a common debt according to the specific behavior of the spouse's knowledge and repayment of the debtor. Appearance should be used to identify whether it is a joint debt of husband and wife about the debt of family agency. And for the judgment of joint life of husband and wife, on the basis of the creditor bearing the burden of proof, it is necessary to strengthen the efforts to find out the truth.
  • dc.description.sponsorshipPCode
  • 16BFXO73
  • dc.description.sponsorship
  • 国家社会科学基金项目(16BFXO73)
  • dc.description.sponsorshipsource
  • 国家社会科学基金
  • dc.identifier.CN
  • 53-1148/C
  • dc.identifier.issn
  • 1006-723X
  • dc.identifier.if
  • 0.408
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D923.9
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