刑事缺席审判的理论依据：类型及其运用

The Theoretical Bases of Criminal Trial in Absentia: Types and Their Application

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归属学者：

张吉喜

归属院系：

法学院

作者：

张吉喜

摘要：

权利放弃、价值权衡以及权利放弃兼顾无出庭必要是刑事缺席审判的三种理论依据。通过分解《美国联邦刑事诉讼规则》、《法国刑事诉讼法》、《德国刑事诉讼法》和《日本刑事诉讼法》规定的刑事缺席审判制度体系以及联合国人权事务委员会、欧洲人权法院和欧盟法确立的刑事缺席审判规则发现,除了《德国刑事诉讼法》没有规定以权利放弃理论为依据的缺席审判制度,《美国联邦刑事诉讼规则》和《日本刑事诉讼法》没有规定以价值权衡理论为依据的缺席审判制度之外,上述三种理论依据在刑事缺席审判制度和规则中均有明确的体现。被告人因扰乱法庭秩序而被逐出法庭后的缺席审判虽然应当属于以价值权衡理论为依据,但是实际上其理论依据被拟制为了权利放弃理论。我国《刑事诉讼法》规定的三种类型的缺席审判中,只有前两种类型属于真正意义上的缺席审判:前者的理论依据是权利放弃理论和价值权衡理论,后者以权利放弃理论为依据。对刑事缺席审判理论依据的研究,对于更好地理解和适用我国的刑事缺席审判制度具有启示意义。

语种：

中文

出版日期：

2019-11-25

学科：

诉讼法学

收录：

北大核心期刊; CSSCI

提交日期：

2019-12-25

引用参考：

张吉喜. 刑事缺席审判的理论依据：类型及其运用[J]. 比较法研究,2019(06):166-183.

  • dc.title
  • 刑事缺席审判的理论依据：类型及其运用
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 张吉喜
  • dc.contributor.author
  • Zhang Jixi
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 西南政法大学法学院;西南政法大学刑事检察研究中心
  • dc.publisher
  • 比较法研究
  • dc.publisher
  • Journal of Comparative Law
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2019
  • dc.identifier.issue
  • 06
  • dc.identifier.volume
  • No.166
  • dc.identifier.page
  • 166-183
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2019-11-25
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 刑事缺席审判;权利放弃;价值权衡;无出庭必要
  • dc.subject
  • criminal trial in absentia;right waiver;value balance;necessity of being present at trial
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 权利放弃、价值权衡以及权利放弃兼顾无出庭必要是刑事缺席审判的三种理论依据。通过分解《美国联邦刑事诉讼规则》、《法国刑事诉讼法》、《德国刑事诉讼法》和《日本刑事诉讼法》规定的刑事缺席审判制度体系以及联合国人权事务委员会、欧洲人权法院和欧盟法确立的刑事缺席审判规则发现,除了《德国刑事诉讼法》没有规定以权利放弃理论为依据的缺席审判制度,《美国联邦刑事诉讼规则》和《日本刑事诉讼法》没有规定以价值权衡理论为依据的缺席审判制度之外,上述三种理论依据在刑事缺席审判制度和规则中均有明确的体现。被告人因扰乱法庭秩序而被逐出法庭后的缺席审判虽然应当属于以价值权衡理论为依据,但是实际上其理论依据被拟制为了权利放弃理论。我国《刑事诉讼法》规定的三种类型的缺席审判中,只有前两种类型属于真正意义上的缺席审判:前者的理论依据是权利放弃理论和价值权衡理论,后者以权利放弃理论为依据。对刑事缺席审判理论依据的研究,对于更好地理解和适用我国的刑事缺席审判制度具有启示意义。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The three theoretical bases of criminal trial in absentia are waiver of the right to be present at trial, value balance and right waiver combining with the necessity of being present at trial. By breaking down the systems of criminal trial in absentia in Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, the Criminal Procedure Code of France, the Criminal Procedure Code of Germany and the Criminal Procedure Code of Japan, as well as the rules of criminal trial in absentia established by Human Rights Committee, the European Court of Human Rights and European Union law, it is found that the three theoretical bases are clearly reflected in the above systems and rules, except that the Criminal Procedure Code of Germany does not provide the trial in absentia based on right waiver, the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure and the Criminal Procedure Code of Japan do not provide the trial in absentia based on value balance. The trial in absentia after the defendant expelled from the court for misconduct should be based on the theory of value balance, but in fact its theoretical basis is formulated as the theory of right waiver. Among the three types of trials in absentia stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Law of China, only the first two types are real trials in absentia. The theoretical bases of the former are the theory of right waiver and the theory of value balance, while the latter is based on the theory of right waiver. The research on the theoretical bases of criminal trial in absentia is of great significance for better understanding and applying the system of criminal trial in absentia in China.
  • dc.identifier.CN
  • 11-3171/D
  • dc.identifier.issn
  • 1004-8561
  • dc.identifier.if
  • 2.285
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D925.2
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