论我国金融审判组织专业化改革

On the Specialization Reform of China's Financial Trial

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归属院系:

法学院

作者:

王攀

导师:

廖中洪

导师单位:

法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

金融案件;审判组织;专业化改革

摘要:

“互联网 ”金融时代的到来,金融创新业务的异军突起,大量的金融风险和金融纠纷应运而生。根据 2018 最高人民法院工作报告显示,2013—2017 年全国共审结借款、保险、证券等案件 503 万件;审结互联网金融案件 15.2 万件,包括“e 租宝”非法集资案、徐翔等人操纵证券市场案。这些案件本身呈现出专业性、复杂性、疑难性等特点,加之金融纠纷专业性强、新类型较多、法律适用争议大等问题也加大了金融纠纷的审理难度,给法院带来了极大的审判压力。金融案件数量的日益增加,其所需要的专业性要求也不断提高,为了能够妥善化解金融纠纷、优化金融审判资源,需要树立新的金融审判理念,以专业化的金融审判组织来提升金融审判的质量和效率,统一裁判尺度,提高司法权威和公正性以维护当事人的合法权益,促进金融业的繁荣稳定。实践中,金融审判组织专业化已经成为快速解决金融纠纷,提高金融审判质量和效率的重要举措。自 2008 年上海浦东新区人民法院成立全国第一个金融审判庭以来,全国各法院就开始了金融审判组织专业化的自发探索,2017 年最高人民法院印发了《关于进一步加强金融审判工作的若干意见》首次提到了探索建立专业化的金融审判机构,根据金融机构分布和金融案件数量情况,在金融案件相对集中的地区选择部分法院设立金融审判庭,并探索实行金融案件的集中管辖。在其他金融案件较多的中级人民法院,可以根据案件情况设立专业化的金融审判庭或者金融审判合议庭。这既是对之前各地法院探索成果的肯定,同时也为金融审判组织专业化的进一步改革提供了相应的法律依据。比较域外较为成熟的金融审判经验,笔者认为,我国目前正在进行的金融审判专业化改革,还存在以下需要重视和亟待解决的问题:(1)金融审判庭设置缺乏正当性基础。包括金融审判庭法律依据不足以及设置缺乏合理性;(2)金融审判组织存在专业化困境;(3)金融审判组织受案范围不明确;(4)金融案件缺乏专门的审判程序。本文的主要观点有:(1)需进一步转变金融审判组织专业化改革的基本理念;(2)金融审判机构的设置应当规范化;(3)完善设立金融专业审判庭的法律依据(4)金融审判庭的受案范围应当包含金融民商事、金融行政案件;(5)专家陪审在专业化金融审判组织中具有重要作用;(6)建议设置专门的金融审判程序。2本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分:中国金融审判组织的现状研究。首先,论述了金融审判组织的产生及发展;其次,分析金融审判组织非专业化存在的问题,包括审判组织专业能力不足、审理周期过长、裁判标准不统一。最后,论述金融审判组织专业化的必要性,即有利于提高审判的效率、有利于加强金融监管、有利于提升金融审判的专业性。第二部分:目前我国金融审判组织改革情况研究。一是我国在金融审判组织专业化方面进行的探索和出现的问题,包括金融审判机构的设置、审判队伍的组成、审判组织的受案范围、以及在专业化审理程序方面的探索;二是探索过程中遇到的问题,包金融审判机构的设置缺乏法律依据以及机构设置的不合理性、审判组织存在的专业化困境、缺乏专门的程序保障等。第三部分:域外金融审判组织的比较分析。重点比较域外包括大陆法系国家、英美法系国家以及我国台湾地区的专门性金融法庭(法院)的相关规定和做法并吸收借鉴其有益经验,从而为进一步完善我国金融审判组织的专业化改革提供新的思路。第四部分:进一步完善我国金融审判组织的思考与建议。包括改革理念的转变、立法的完善、专业性金融审判机构的规范设置、审判组织专业能力的提升、完善金融案件专业化审理的相关程序

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

王攀. 论我国金融审判组织专业化改革[D]. 西南政法大学,2018.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 论我国金融审判组织专业化改革
  • dc.title
  • On the Specialization Reform of China's Financial Trial
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20160042021579
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 王攀
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2018
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 廖中洪
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 金融案件;审判组织;专业化改革
  • dc.subject
  • financial cases;trial organization;specialization reform
  • dc.description.abstract
  • “互联网 ”金融时代的到来,金融创新业务的异军突起,大量的金融风险和金融纠纷应运而生。根据 2018 最高人民法院工作报告显示,2013—2017 年全国共审结借款、保险、证券等案件 503 万件;审结互联网金融案件 15.2 万件,包括“e 租宝”非法集资案、徐翔等人操纵证券市场案。这些案件本身呈现出专业性、复杂性、疑难性等特点,加之金融纠纷专业性强、新类型较多、法律适用争议大等问题也加大了金融纠纷的审理难度,给法院带来了极大的审判压力。金融案件数量的日益增加,其所需要的专业性要求也不断提高,为了能够妥善化解金融纠纷、优化金融审判资源,需要树立新的金融审判理念,以专业化的金融审判组织来提升金融审判的质量和效率,统一裁判尺度,提高司法权威和公正性以维护当事人的合法权益,促进金融业的繁荣稳定。实践中,金融审判组织专业化已经成为快速解决金融纠纷,提高金融审判质量和效率的重要举措。自 2008 年上海浦东新区人民法院成立全国第一个金融审判庭以来,全国各法院就开始了金融审判组织专业化的自发探索,2017 年最高人民法院印发了《关于进一步加强金融审判工作的若干意见》首次提到了探索建立专业化的金融审判机构,根据金融机构分布和金融案件数量情况,在金融案件相对集中的地区选择部分法院设立金融审判庭,并探索实行金融案件的集中管辖。在其他金融案件较多的中级人民法院,可以根据案件情况设立专业化的金融审判庭或者金融审判合议庭。这既是对之前各地法院探索成果的肯定,同时也为金融审判组织专业化的进一步改革提供了相应的法律依据。比较域外较为成熟的金融审判经验,笔者认为,我国目前正在进行的金融审判专业化改革,还存在以下需要重视和亟待解决的问题:(1)金融审判庭设置缺乏正当性基础。包括金融审判庭法律依据不足以及设置缺乏合理性;(2)金融审判组织存在专业化困境;(3)金融审判组织受案范围不明确;(4)金融案件缺乏专门的审判程序。本文的主要观点有:(1)需进一步转变金融审判组织专业化改革的基本理念;(2)金融审判机构的设置应当规范化;(3)完善设立金融专业审判庭的法律依据(4)金融审判庭的受案范围应当包含金融民商事、金融行政案件;(5)专家陪审在专业化金融审判组织中具有重要作用;(6)建议设置专门的金融审判程序。2本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分:中国金融审判组织的现状研究。首先,论述了金融审判组织的产生及发展;其次,分析金融审判组织非专业化存在的问题,包括审判组织专业能力不足、审理周期过长、裁判标准不统一。最后,论述金融审判组织专业化的必要性,即有利于提高审判的效率、有利于加强金融监管、有利于提升金融审判的专业性。第二部分:目前我国金融审判组织改革情况研究。一是我国在金融审判组织专业化方面进行的探索和出现的问题,包括金融审判机构的设置、审判队伍的组成、审判组织的受案范围、以及在专业化审理程序方面的探索;二是探索过程中遇到的问题,包金融审判机构的设置缺乏法律依据以及机构设置的不合理性、审判组织存在的专业化困境、缺乏专门的程序保障等。第三部分:域外金融审判组织的比较分析。重点比较域外包括大陆法系国家、英美法系国家以及我国台湾地区的专门性金融法庭(法院)的相关规定和做法并吸收借鉴其有益经验,从而为进一步完善我国金融审判组织的专业化改革提供新的思路。第四部分:进一步完善我国金融审判组织的思考与建议。包括改革理念的转变、立法的完善、专业性金融审判机构的规范设置、审判组织专业能力的提升、完善金融案件专业化审理的相关程序
  • dc.description.abstract
  • With the advent of the "Internet " financial era, the financial innovation business hassprung up, and a large number of financial risks and financial disputes have emerged. According to the work report of the 2018 Supreme People's Court, from 2003 to 2017, a totalof 5.03 million cases of loans, insurance, securities, etc. were concluded; 155,000 Internetfinancial cases were concluded, including the illegal collection of “e-rental”, Xu Xiang andothers manipulating the securities market. These cases are characterized by professionalism, complexity, and difficulty. In addition, the financial disputes are highly professional, newtypes, and legally applicable disputes have increased the difficulty of hearing financialdisputes and brought extreme Big trial pressure. With the increasing number of financial cases, the professional requirements required for them are constantly improving. In order to properlyresolve financial disputes and optimize financial trial resources, it is necessary to establish anew financial trial concept and promote financial trials with specialized financial trialorganizations. Quality and efficiency, unify the standards of judgment, improve judicialauthority and impartiality to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, andpromote the prosperity and stability of the financial industry. In practice, the professionalization of financial trial organizations has become animportant measure to quickly resolve financial disputes and improve the quality andefficiency of financial trials. Since the establishment of the first financial court in the People'sCourt of Shanghai Pudong New Area in 2008, the courts across the country have started thespontaneous exploration of the professionalization of financial trial organizations. In 2017, theSupreme People's Court issued a number of opinions on further strengthening the financialtrial work. For the first time, it was explored to establish a specialized financial trialinstitution. According to the distribution of financial institutions and the number of financialcases, some courts were selected to set up financial courts in areas where financial cases wererelatively concentrated, and to explore the centralized jurisdiction of financial cases. In otherintermediate people's courts with more financial cases, a specialized financial court orfinancial trial collegiate bench may be established according to the circumstances of the case. This is not only an affirmation of the results of previous courts' exploration, but also provides2a corresponding legal basis for the further reform of the professionalization of financial trialorganizations. Comparing the more mature financial trial experience outside the domain, the authorbelieves that the current financial trial specialization reform in China still has the followingproblems that need to be addressed and urgently solved: (1) The financial court has a lack oflegitimacy. Including the lack of legal basis of the financial court and the lack of rationality;(2) the professional dilemma of the financial trial organization; (3) the scope of the financialtrial organization is not clear; (4) the lack of special trial procedures for financial cases. The main points of this paper are as follows: (1) The professionalization of financial trialorganizations should follow the "top-down" reform concept; (2) the establishment of financialtrial institutions should be standardized; (3) the legal basis for the establishment of financialprofessional trial courts (4) The scope of the financial trial court should include financial, civiland commercial, financial criminal cases; (5) expert jury has an irreplaceable role inspecialized financial trial organizations; (6) it is recommended to set up special financial trialprocedures. This article is divided into four parts:Part one: the status quo of China's financial trial organization. Firstly, it discusses theemergence and development of financial trial organizations. Secondly, it analyzes theproblems of non-specialization of financial trial organizations, including the lack ofprofessional competence of trial organizations, the long trial period and the inconsistentstandards of judgments. Finally, it discusses the necessity of the specialization of financialtrial organizations, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of trials, strengtheningfinancial supervision, and promoting the professionalism of financial trials. Part two: The current research on the reform of financial trial organization in China. First, China's exploration and problems in the professionalization of financial trial organizations, including the establishment of financial trial institutions, the composition of the trial team, thescope of trial organization, and the exploration of professional procedures; the second is toexplore The problems encountered in the process, the lack of legal basis for the establishmentof financial trial institutions and the irrationality of institutional settings, the professionaldilemma of the existence of trial organizations, and the lack of special procedural safeguards. Part three: comparative analysis of extraterritorial financial trial organizations. Focus oncomparing the relevant regulations and practices of specialized financial courts (courts) in3civil law countries, common law countries and Taiwan, and draw on their useful experience toprovide further improvements to the professional reform of China's financial trialorganizations. New ideas. Part four: further improve the thinking and suggestions of China's financial trialorganization. Including the transformation of the reform concept, the improvement oflegislation, the standardization of professional financial trial institutions, the improvement ofthe professional competence of the trial organization, the scope of the case and thestandardization of the trial mode
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-06
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2018-12-02
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 目 录引言........................................................................................................................1 一、中国金融审判组织现状研究........................................................................5(一)我国金融审判组织的产生与发展....................................................5(二)现行金融审判组织非专业化的问题................................................7(三)金融审判组织专业化改造的必要性................................................8二、目前我国金融审判组织专业化改革情况研究..........................................12(一)金融审判组织改革的现状分析......................................................12(二)金融审判组织改革存在的问题......................................................20三、域外金融审判组织的比较分析..................................................................25(一)大陆法系国家的实践及经验..........................................................25(二)英美法系国家的实践及经验..........................................................27(三)我国台湾地区的实践及经验..........................................................30四、进一步完善我国金融审判组织专业化改革的思考与建议......................31(一)进一步转变金融审判组织专业化改革的基本理念......................31(二)完善构建金融审判组织的法律依据..............................................32(三)金融审判组织的设置应当规范化..................................................33(四)进一步提升金融审判组织专业能力..............................................34(五)完善金融案件专业化审判的相关程序..........................................36结 语..............................................................................................................38参考文献..............................................................................................................40致 谢..............................................................................................................43
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