柏拉图和亚里士多德的正义哲学比较研究

A comparison of Platon's and Aristotle's justice philosophy

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归属院系:

马克思主义学院

作者:

曹一墨

导师:

靳松

导师单位:

马克思主义学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

灵魂;正义;个人正义;价值

摘要:

内容摘要柏拉图和亚里士多德作为西方哲学史上两位重要的哲学家,他们都将正义视作其哲学理论研究的重点,可以说,“正义观”贯穿了整个西方哲学发展史。哲学家热爱生活,热爱自由,热爱灵魂的美,正义之所以能够被学者不断研究和提出,一方面是因为它是公认的带有崇高价值的德行,另一方面是因为不同的社会和阶级对其有不同的认识。正义观在柏拉图的世界里成为了链接对话中引导美德线索的关键,《美诺篇》之前的对话探究美德有什么,而到了《斐多篇》、《会饮篇》等中期思想,柏拉图开始向我们展示美德是否能够长存,到了《泰阿泰德篇》之后,柏拉图以清楚的思路告诉我们如何做。而在《理想国》中,柏拉图对正义有最为直接、最为原初的观点,一方面它回归人类社会本原,另一方面它又跳出一般认识追求超越时代的普世价值。亚里士多德则更近一步,将正义细分为三类,分配正义、矫正正义和交换正义,通过在现实生活中的不断追问,形成了逻辑性及其严密的体系。本文第一章以古希腊正义观念为出发点,系统梳理了古希腊时期有关正义的各种思想,提出正义思想的脉络。第二章以柏拉图和亚里士多德的著作入手,对正义的对立面进行具体分析,以此来确证这些象并不是体。第三章用系统论的方法,将柏拉图和亚里士多德的正义思想进行归置,以此来确证正义关系的维度。第四章将柏拉图和亚里士多德的精神内核作为理论指引,在学界普遍的认识成果之上进行具体分析,以价值、分类、特点为题,系统阐释正义的根基在何处。关键词:灵魂;正义;个人正义;价值

学科:

哲学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

曹一墨. 柏拉图和亚里士多德的正义哲学比较研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2018.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 柏拉图和亚里士多德的正义哲学比较研究
  • dc.title
  • A comparison of Platon's and Aristotle's justice philosophy
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20150101030019
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 曹一墨
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 马克思主义学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 哲学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2018
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 靳松
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 马克思主义学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 灵魂;正义;个人正义;价值
  • dc.subject
  • Soul;justice;personal justice;value
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 内容摘要柏拉图和亚里士多德作为西方哲学史上两位重要的哲学家,他们都将正义视作其哲学理论研究的重点,可以说,“正义观”贯穿了整个西方哲学发展史。哲学家热爱生活,热爱自由,热爱灵魂的美,正义之所以能够被学者不断研究和提出,一方面是因为它是公认的带有崇高价值的德行,另一方面是因为不同的社会和阶级对其有不同的认识。正义观在柏拉图的世界里成为了链接对话中引导美德线索的关键,《美诺篇》之前的对话探究美德有什么,而到了《斐多篇》、《会饮篇》等中期思想,柏拉图开始向我们展示美德是否能够长存,到了《泰阿泰德篇》之后,柏拉图以清楚的思路告诉我们如何做。而在《理想国》中,柏拉图对正义有最为直接、最为原初的观点,一方面它回归人类社会本原,另一方面它又跳出一般认识追求超越时代的普世价值。亚里士多德则更近一步,将正义细分为三类,分配正义、矫正正义和交换正义,通过在现实生活中的不断追问,形成了逻辑性及其严密的体系。本文第一章以古希腊正义观念为出发点,系统梳理了古希腊时期有关正义的各种思想,提出正义思想的脉络。第二章以柏拉图和亚里士多德的著作入手,对正义的对立面进行具体分析,以此来确证这些象并不是体。第三章用系统论的方法,将柏拉图和亚里士多德的正义思想进行归置,以此来确证正义关系的维度。第四章将柏拉图和亚里士多德的精神内核作为理论指引,在学界普遍的认识成果之上进行具体分析,以价值、分类、特点为题,系统阐释正义的根基在何处。关键词:灵魂;正义;个人正义;价值
  • dc.description.abstract
  • AbstractAs two important philosophers in the history of western philosophy, Plato and Aristotle regard justice as the focus of their respective theoretical studies. It can be said that the "view of justice" runs through the history of the development of the whole western philosophy. Philosophers love life, love freedom and love the beauty of the soul. Justice can be studied and put forward by scholars. On the one hand, it is recognized as a virtue with noble values, on the other hand, because different societies and classes have different understanding of them. The view of justice has become the key to Plato in the link dialogue to guide the clues of virtue. In the metaphase of the "mendo" and the medium-term, Plato began to show us whether the virtues could survive, and after the Tai Atai De, Plato was clear. The idea of Chu tells us how to do it. In the "ideal country", Plato has the most direct and original view of justice. On the one hand, it returns to the original of the human society, on the other hand, it skips the general understanding and pursues the universal value of the times. Aristotle is a closer step, subdividing justice into three categories, distributing justice, correcting justice and exchanging justice, and forming a logical and strict system through continuous questioning in real life.The first chapter of the thesis takes the concept of justice in ancient Greece as a starting point to systematically sort out all kinds of ideas about justice in ancient Greece and put forward the thread of justice. The second chapter starts with the works of Plato and Aristotle, and makes a concrete analysis of the opposite of justice, in order to confirm that these images are not bodies. The third chapter uses system theory to put Plato and Aristotle's justice thoughts in order to confirm the dimension of justice relations. In the fourth chapter, the spiritual core of Plato and Aristotle is regarded as a theoretical guide, and a specific analysis is made on the basis of the common cognitive achievements of the academic world.Key words: Soul; justice; personal justice; value
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-06
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2018-10-27
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