20世纪90年代以来报纸中公务员形象研究—以《人民日报》、《南方都市报》报道为例

The Image of Civil Servants in Chinese Newspapers Since 1990s:Case Studies in People's Daily and Southern Metropolis Daily

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作者:

袁江力

导师:

贺艳

导师单位:

新闻传播学院(融媒体学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

公务员形象;《人民日报》;《南方都市报》;内容分析;话语分析

摘要:

内容摘要古代出现国家后公务员作为行政主体便应运而生,虽然在古代并无现代意义上的“公务员”概念,但在工作职能及作用上却承担着公务员的职责。在长期的历史发展中,公务员的形象也几经变迁。在当代中国,人们对公务员的认知与态度也随时代变迁而发生着巨大转变。30年前人们对公务员的评价是党和人民的服务者,30年后人们对公务员的认知却错综复杂,在此意义上,对公务员的媒介形象研究很有必要。公务员的形象对于社会稳定及公众认知、甚至对整个中国的国际形象提升都具有重要意义。良好的公务员形象是看不见、摸不着的无形资产,能提高自身公信力,获得民众信任,最终促进官民间及整个社会的和谐发展。人们脑海中之所以产生有差异的公务员形象,主要受到现实环境和媒体环境的共同影响,而大众媒体凭借自身的专业化和规模化等特点,成为受众获取公务员形象的主要来源。因此媒体选择哪些新闻进行报道、运用怎样的手法呈现媒介形象都对受众认知公务员形象有着重要影响,研究公务员的媒体形象逐渐受到学术界的关注。基于此,提出本文的研究论题:“20世纪90年代以来报纸中公务员形象研究——以《人民日报》、《南方都市报》报道为例”,以两份报纸20世纪90年代转型期至今总共41年的有关公务员的报道为研究对象,从历时性的角度对我国公务员媒介形象所呈现出的整体变化趋势进行探讨。试图回答:党报和都市报都塑造出怎样的公务员形象?这些形象随着时间推移发生了哪些变化?各呈现什么样的异同点?构建公务员形象的具体策略?等等。本文方法上使用内容分析法和话语分析法,理论使用上运到框架理论。论文前半部分从报道体裁、报道主体、新闻发生地、新闻版面、新闻配图、新闻来源、报道来源、新闻主题、报道态度几方面进行了统计分析,试图从数据上直观呈现两份报纸塑造公务员形象的变迁和异同点。后半部分运用话语分析具体构建公务员形象的策略和手法,从文本角度分析相同主题下两份报纸通过不同的标题、导语、修辞、描写等要素组合所渗透出的不同报道倾向。探讨媒体建构公务员形象的优点和不足,为塑造良好公务员形象提供直观有益的启示。研究发现,《人民日报》以发挥报纸的宣传作用,塑造出积极正面的公务员形象为主,《南方都市报》侧重舆论监督,偏向报道公务员的负面新闻,这是受到公务员自身、报纸性质和社会环境的多重影响。两份报纸都存在着正负报道比例失调、过分渲染报道细节、缺乏多角度报道等问题。因此,文本旨在通过对现存问题的总结归纳,为报纸媒体实现客观公正的专业化报道提供借鉴,为公务员素质良好提供策略,从而形成准确、客观的媒介形象。

学科:

传播学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

袁江力. 20世纪90年代以来报纸中公务员形象研究—以《人民日报》、《南方都市报》报道为例[D]. 西南政法大学,2016.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 20世纪90年代以来报纸中公务员形象研究—以《人民日报》、《南方都市报》报道为例
  • dc.title
  • The Image of Civil Servants in Chinese Newspapers Since 1990s:Case Studies in People's Daily and Southern Metropolis Daily
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20140552001131
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 袁江力
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 新闻传播学院(融媒体学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 新闻与传播硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2016
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 贺艳
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 新闻传播学院(融媒体学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 公务员形象;《人民日报》;《南方都市报》;内容分析;话语分析
  • dc.subject
  • the image of civil servants;People's Daily;Southern Metropolis
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 内容摘要古代出现国家后公务员作为行政主体便应运而生,虽然在古代并无现代意义上的“公务员”概念,但在工作职能及作用上却承担着公务员的职责。在长期的历史发展中,公务员的形象也几经变迁。在当代中国,人们对公务员的认知与态度也随时代变迁而发生着巨大转变。30年前人们对公务员的评价是党和人民的服务者,30年后人们对公务员的认知却错综复杂,在此意义上,对公务员的媒介形象研究很有必要。公务员的形象对于社会稳定及公众认知、甚至对整个中国的国际形象提升都具有重要意义。良好的公务员形象是看不见、摸不着的无形资产,能提高自身公信力,获得民众信任,最终促进官民间及整个社会的和谐发展。人们脑海中之所以产生有差异的公务员形象,主要受到现实环境和媒体环境的共同影响,而大众媒体凭借自身的专业化和规模化等特点,成为受众获取公务员形象的主要来源。因此媒体选择哪些新闻进行报道、运用怎样的手法呈现媒介形象都对受众认知公务员形象有着重要影响,研究公务员的媒体形象逐渐受到学术界的关注。基于此,提出本文的研究论题:“20世纪90年代以来报纸中公务员形象研究——以《人民日报》、《南方都市报》报道为例”,以两份报纸20世纪90年代转型期至今总共41年的有关公务员的报道为研究对象,从历时性的角度对我国公务员媒介形象所呈现出的整体变化趋势进行探讨。试图回答:党报和都市报都塑造出怎样的公务员形象?这些形象随着时间推移发生了哪些变化?各呈现什么样的异同点?构建公务员形象的具体策略?等等。本文方法上使用内容分析法和话语分析法,理论使用上运到框架理论。论文前半部分从报道体裁、报道主体、新闻发生地、新闻版面、新闻配图、新闻来源、报道来源、新闻主题、报道态度几方面进行了统计分析,试图从数据上直观呈现两份报纸塑造公务员形象的变迁和异同点。后半部分运用话语分析具体构建公务员形象的策略和手法,从文本角度分析相同主题下两份报纸通过不同的标题、导语、修辞、描写等要素组合所渗透出的不同报道倾向。探讨媒体建构公务员形象的优点和不足,为塑造良好公务员形象提供直观有益的启示。研究发现,《人民日报》以发挥报纸的宣传作用,塑造出积极正面的公务员形象为主,《南方都市报》侧重舆论监督,偏向报道公务员的负面新闻,这是受到公务员自身、报纸性质和社会环境的多重影响。两份报纸都存在着正负报道比例失调、过分渲染报道细节、缺乏多角度报道等问题。因此,文本旨在通过对现存问题的总结归纳,为报纸媒体实现客观公正的专业化报道提供借鉴,为公务员素质良好提供策略,从而形成准确、客观的媒介形象。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • AbstractCivil servants, the subject of administration, came into existence ever since the foundation of nations in ancient times, if not connoted with the same meaning prevalent nowadays, shouldering the responsibilities and functioning as modern counterparts do. History ebbs and flows, the image of civil servants varies and grows. As for China, the attitude towards civil servants has seen dramatic changes throughout the vicissitudes: thirty years ago, civil servants were exactly what they were meant to be—servants for the Party and the people; After thirty years, the public's attitude towards civil servants is complex, so it is necessary to study on the media image of civil servants.The image of civil servants weighs much in boosting social stability, improving public recognition, and furbishing the image of China worldwide in that as an intangible asset, a positive image of civil servants can reap in more trust from the populace, mending fences between the government and the mass, and promoting the harmonious development of the society among others. It is agreed that the various images of civil servants in peoples' eyes are shaped by the environment they dwell in, as well as the mass media, the latter of which has emerged as the main source with its professionalism and large scale. As such, the news to be reported, together with the means wielded to represent a media image, make a great difference to the image of civil servants perceived by the listeners, and the studies on the image of civil servants in the media gradually appeal to the academia.Based on this point, this paper spins around the topic "The Image of Civil Servants in Chinese Newspapers Since 1990s:Case Studies in People's Daily and Southern Metropolis Daily", focusing on relevant reports appeared in these two newspapers in a forty-one-year span that dated back to the transition period in the 1990s, and delving into the diachronic variances of the image of civil servants presented by the media. Also in it are tentative answers to the questions below: what are the images of civil servants that the mouthpiece of the Party and Metropolis Daily have revealed? what are the changes of the images all the way? which kind of image outnumbers the other, the positive or the negative? where do the images differ and overlap? what are the specific strategies in molding the image of civil servants? In this paper, content and discourse analysis are applied, with frame theory as the theoretical basis. The first half emphasizes statistic analysis on the genres of the reports, the subjects of the reports, the locations of the news, the layouts of the news, the pictures for the news, the sources of the news, the sources of the reports, the subjects of the news and the attitudes of the reports—an effort to display the variations, the differences and similarities of the image of civil servants the two newspapers try to deliver. Using discourse analysis to decipher the specific strategies and methods applied in shaping the image of civil servants, the other half unscrambles the different inclinations of the two newspapers conveyed by the combination of different headings, leads, rhetoric and descriptions from the angle of text—an attempt to dig into the merits and drawbacks from the perspective of the framework of news production in portraying the image of civil servants by the media, and a beneficial and visualized revelation for a better image of the civil servants as well.According to the analysis, People's Daily plays an advocacy role to create a positive image of civil servants, while Southern Metropolis Dailytilts towards supervision of public opinion and tends to unveil the downside of civil servants—a contrast out of the integral influence of the civil servants themselves, the nature of the newspapers and the society. Disproportion of the positive and negative reports, exaggeration of the details and absence of multi-angles are what that plague both two newspapers. With a summary of the existing problems, this paper provides references on unbiased and professional reporting of the newspapers, and offers optimized strategies to improve the qualities of civil servants, helping form a precise and an objective image of the media.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-06
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2016-05-29
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