“互联网人权”保障问题探析——以表达自由案件裁判现状为研究对象

Study on Human Rights Protection on Internet——In view of Existing Circumstances of Decisions in Cases Concerning the Freedom of Expression

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归属院系:

行政法学院

作者:

侯镇山

导师:

付子堂

导师单位:

行政法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

互联网人权;表达自由;法治;司法保障

摘要:

内容摘要“人人生而自由,在尊严和权利上一律平等。”人权作为历时性概念,时代不同、空间不同,呈现出的样态殊异。随着科技的发展与人类的进步,20世纪中期以来,互联网空间正逐渐成为人类活动的重要场所。在这个纷繁复杂又混乱无序的互联网时代,明晰互联网人权的范畴既是人权“历史性”的内在需求,也是互联网空间法治化的必然要求。法治既是现代文明社会的重要价值,也是现代民主国家的基本治国方略,通过法治保障人权是文明、法治、民主社会的必然选择。如何通过司法保障互联网空间的人权成为新时代不可回避的议题。本文以互联网空间内人权的司法保障为研究对象,以表达自由为中心,通过对具体司法案例的分析,冀图梳理出司法对于互联网空间表达自由的一般规律,进而总结司法保障互联网人权的一般原则。全文由引论、主文和结论三个部分组成。主文分四个部分:第一部分,从理论之维阐释了“互联网人权”概念。首先,概述“天赋人权”理论的发展过程,论述人权从“应然人权”到“实然人权”的过渡过程;其次,通过简述马克思恩格斯的人权思想,论述人权具有历史性、发展性和相对性的特征;再次,简述我国人权观念的传统文化基础;最后,论述互联网人权概念,即互联网人权为公民在使用互联网中享有的基本权利。这一部分是本文的基础理论。第二部分,从实践之维分析了互联网时代人权司法保障的现状。以互联网表达自由的规制与保障为例。首先,厘清表达自由概念的内涵,分析表达自由的重要价值;其次,通过对互联网表达侵害名誉权的案件裁判文书为对象进行研究,分析司法实践中侵权人难以确定、侵权内容的确定原则主观性强等难点;再次,通过对互联网表达自由损害案件为对象进行研究,讨论应对因“互联网诽谤”、“互联网删帖”对公民互联网表达自由造成侵害的保障对策。第三部分,基于司法案件裁判现状的思考,以互联网表达自由为例,探讨了互联网空间权利规制与保障间的平衡。首先,阐述对互联网表达自由进行保障的法理依据;其次阐述对互联网表达自由进行规制的法理基础;最后通过论述“协商权利论”相比“绝对权利论”和“权利平衡论”在互联网时代规制与保障权利之间保持动态平衡的优势及特点。第四部分,对完善互联网时代人权司法保障制度的进路分析。通过对前文论述的问题进行总结,提出应注重人权的普遍性与互联网特性相统一;注重人权司法保障与立法保障、行政保障相统一;注重实体性权利与程序性权利相统一。本文从互联网人权的一般理论出发,结合一些典型案件,厘清互联网时代人权的内涵与边界,就进一步完善人权司法保障制度提出建议。互联网治理是国家治理现代化的重要部分,人权司法保障制度的完善更是一项艰难、复杂的系统工程。互联网不仅给国家治理带来了全新的挑战,也给公民网络自治提出了更高的要求。互联网治理的现代化及互联网人权司法保障制度的完善,也必将推动法治中国向更加民主、和谐的方向进步。

参考文献:

113

学科:

法学理论

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

侯镇山. “互联网人权”保障问题探析——以表达自由案件裁判现状为研究对象[D]. 西南政法大学,2015.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • “互联网人权”保障问题探析——以表达自由案件裁判现状为研究对象
  • dc.title
  • Study on Human Rights Protection on Internet——In view of Existing Circumstances of Decisions in Cases Concerning the Freedom of Expression
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20120301010233
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 侯镇山
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2015
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 付子堂
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 互联网人权;表达自由;法治;司法保障
  • dc.subject
  • Human right on Internet;The freedom of expression;Legalization;Legislation guarantee
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 内容摘要“人人生而自由,在尊严和权利上一律平等。”人权作为历时性概念,时代不同、空间不同,呈现出的样态殊异。随着科技的发展与人类的进步,20世纪中期以来,互联网空间正逐渐成为人类活动的重要场所。在这个纷繁复杂又混乱无序的互联网时代,明晰互联网人权的范畴既是人权“历史性”的内在需求,也是互联网空间法治化的必然要求。法治既是现代文明社会的重要价值,也是现代民主国家的基本治国方略,通过法治保障人权是文明、法治、民主社会的必然选择。如何通过司法保障互联网空间的人权成为新时代不可回避的议题。本文以互联网空间内人权的司法保障为研究对象,以表达自由为中心,通过对具体司法案例的分析,冀图梳理出司法对于互联网空间表达自由的一般规律,进而总结司法保障互联网人权的一般原则。全文由引论、主文和结论三个部分组成。主文分四个部分:第一部分,从理论之维阐释了“互联网人权”概念。首先,概述“天赋人权”理论的发展过程,论述人权从“应然人权”到“实然人权”的过渡过程;其次,通过简述马克思恩格斯的人权思想,论述人权具有历史性、发展性和相对性的特征;再次,简述我国人权观念的传统文化基础;最后,论述互联网人权概念,即互联网人权为公民在使用互联网中享有的基本权利。这一部分是本文的基础理论。第二部分,从实践之维分析了互联网时代人权司法保障的现状。以互联网表达自由的规制与保障为例。首先,厘清表达自由概念的内涵,分析表达自由的重要价值;其次,通过对互联网表达侵害名誉权的案件裁判文书为对象进行研究,分析司法实践中侵权人难以确定、侵权内容的确定原则主观性强等难点;再次,通过对互联网表达自由损害案件为对象进行研究,讨论应对因“互联网诽谤”、“互联网删帖”对公民互联网表达自由造成侵害的保障对策。第三部分,基于司法案件裁判现状的思考,以互联网表达自由为例,探讨了互联网空间权利规制与保障间的平衡。首先,阐述对互联网表达自由进行保障的法理依据;其次阐述对互联网表达自由进行规制的法理基础;最后通过论述“协商权利论”相比“绝对权利论”和“权利平衡论”在互联网时代规制与保障权利之间保持动态平衡的优势及特点。第四部分,对完善互联网时代人权司法保障制度的进路分析。通过对前文论述的问题进行总结,提出应注重人权的普遍性与互联网特性相统一;注重人权司法保障与立法保障、行政保障相统一;注重实体性权利与程序性权利相统一。本文从互联网人权的一般理论出发,结合一些典型案件,厘清互联网时代人权的内涵与边界,就进一步完善人权司法保障制度提出建议。互联网治理是国家治理现代化的重要部分,人权司法保障制度的完善更是一项艰难、复杂的系统工程。互联网不仅给国家治理带来了全新的挑战,也给公民网络自治提出了更高的要求。互联网治理的现代化及互联网人权司法保障制度的完善,也必将推动法治中国向更加民主、和谐的方向进步。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • AbstractHuman beings are born as free and equal in dignity and rights. As a diachronic concept, human rights always change over time and space. With the development of science and the progress of humanity, Internet gradually becomes an important places for human activity since the middle of the 20th century. In this complicated and chaotic Internet Era to clearly define the category of human rights in Internet is not only the inner demand of human rights "historic but also an inevitable requirement of cyberspace legalization. Legalization is both the important value of modern society and the vital statecraft of modern country. Protecting human rights by legalization is a inevitable choice in civilized society. While how to protect human rights in cyberspace by judicial process became an inevitable topic in this new era.The article take the judicial protection of human rights under the cyberspace as research object and centers on the freedom of expression. While by analyzing some topical judicial cases, the article tries to present the general rule that the judiciary towards the freedom of expression in cyberspace, and finally to summarize the principles that how judiciary protects the freedom of expression in cyberspace. Full text is composed of an introduction, body and a conclusion. The text is divided into four parts: The first part, reveals the development trace of human rights - from the "Natural Rights" to Internet human rights. First of all, there is an overview of the development of the theory of "Natural Rights" and then discusses the human rights process which is from "idealistic human rights" to ”actual human rights” . Secondly, by outlining the Marx and Engels 's criticism of the bourgeois human rights theories, summarizing the historical, developmental and relativity characteristics of human rights. Moreover, to describe briefly the basic about the traditional culture of China's human rights. Finally, the article has discussed the Internet concept of human rights which is the basic rights of citizens in the cyberspace. This part is the basic theory of the article.The second part is the analysis of the judicial protection for human rights under the Internet Era—take the regulation and guarantee of freedom of expression as examples. First, the article clearly defines the connotation of “the freedom of expression” and then analyzes its significant value. Then, through studying some written judgments about the infringement of Internet expression, the article analyzes two difficulties in the judicial practice:the principle to define infringer and the principle to define the content of infringement. Finally, the article find some safeguard measures by studying some cases about the infringement of Internet expression. to give countermeasure to deal with the damages that derive from Internet slander and deleting articles. The third part discusses about what to balance regulate and guarantee the rights on Internet: take the freedom of expression as an example. First , the article expounds the legal basis to guarantee freedom of expression. And then to expound the legal basis of regulation. Finally outlining the advantages of Negotiation Rights Theory by discusses take the advantage of absolute power and the theory of power balance between the age of the Internet regulation and security rights to keep the dynamic equilibrium characteristics. The fourth part is about the analysis that how to improve human right is in this Internet Era. By summarizing all the problems that has reveals above, this part suggests that it is important to apply the universality of human right with the particularity of Internet. Judicial guarantee should be applied with legislation guarantee and administrative guarantee, while substantive right should be applied with procedural right. This article begins with the general theory of the human rights on Internet and combining with some typical cases in recent years, clarify the rights of the Internet age human rights connotation and boundary ,take advice to improve the system of judicial protection of human rights. However, Internet governance is an important part of modern state governance, improvement of the system of judicial protection of human rights is a difficult and complex system engineering. Internet has not only brought new challenges to governance , but also give a higher request to citizen network . This will promote China's rule of law progress towards more democratic and harmonious.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-04-02
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2015-05-24
  • dc.relation.citedreferences
  • 113
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 目 录引 论 1(一)问题缘起 1(二)研究现状 3(三)研究思路及方法 6一、从“天赋人权”到“互联网人权” 7(一)“天赋人权”概念的提出与发展 7(二)马克思恩格斯的人权思想 8(三)传统文化内涵滋养人权内容发展 9(四)互联网人权概念探析 11二、互联网表达自由典型案件分析 14(一)互联网表达自由界定 14(二)互联网“表达自由”侵权案件裁判难点分析 16(三)互联网“表达自由”损害典型案件分析 23三、互联网人权规制与保障的平衡 27(一)自由秩序原理:保障互联网表达自由的理论基础 27(二)权利义务论:规制互联网表达自由的法理依据 28(三)协商权利论:寻求互联网人权规制与保障的平衡 29四、完善互联网人权司法保障制度的进路分析 31(一)注重人权普遍性与互联网特性相统一 31(二)注重司法保障与立法保障、行政保障相统一 32(三)注重实体性权利与程序性权利相统一 33结 论 35参考文献 38
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