非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制研究

Non-profit organizations to participate in public service in rural tax incentive mechanism research

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归属院系:

法律硕士学院

作者:

李瑞缘

导师:

张怡

导师单位:

经济法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

非营利组织;农村公共服务;税收激励机制;优惠范围;税收监管

摘要:

20世纪90年代以来,随着世界经济的快速发展,市场经济发展之客观诉求和各国国内公共服务领域的巨大需求为各国非营利组织发展提供了强大的外源动力。借此契机我国非营利组织也得以快速发展,并在公共服务领域成效显著。面对农村公共服务领域的“政府和市场双重失灵”,要想践行新型城镇化建设实现城乡之间公共服务水平均等化之宏伟目标,应引导作为“第三部门”的非营利组织力量介入并充分发挥其社会服务之功能。然而,与发达国家相比,我国非营利组织起步较晚,成长环境欠佳,故而不可避免的存在“先天不足,后天困难”之弊。因此,我国非营利组织在参与农村公共服务过程中往往面临自身力量不足、积极性不高等现实困境。作为转移支付调节社会财富公平分享的税法之调节功能的有效发挥对鼓励非营利组织参与农村公共服务至关重要。因此,非营利组织参与农村公共服务困境之解决有赖于完善的税收激励机制予以回应。然而,目前我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收激励机制依旧存在诸多缺陷。鉴于此,为更好的通过税收激励机制鼓励非营利组织参与农村公共服务,我们有必要对我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制进行认真研究。本文在理论联系实际基础上,通过非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收优惠政策的国际比较,运用税收法律的基本原理对我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制进行了深入分析和探讨,全文分为五大部分。 第一部分深入分析了我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务之现实依据。分析指出在目前农村公共服务领域面临政府和市场“双重失灵”的情况下,引领非营利组织参与农村公共服务具有现实必要性。 第二部分讲述了非营利组织参与农村公共服务享有税收优惠之理论依据。该部分首先对非营利组织的概念进行了界定,并讲述了非营利组织参与农村公共服务的基本形式;然后分析了非营利组织享有税收优惠的理论依据,并进一步分析了农村非营利组织享有特殊税收优惠的理论依据。 第三部分主要是对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收激励政策进行了认真梳理,主要包括针对非营利组织自身的税收优惠政策和针对社会向非营利组织 捐赠的税收优惠政策。 第四部分通过上述对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收优惠政策之梳理,从中找出我国现行非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制之缺陷。具言之,主要包括税收法定主义缺失、优惠政策零散缺乏统一导向性、现行税收优惠政策缺乏专门针对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收优惠政策、对社会捐赠的优惠力度不够、税收监管不足等等。 第五部分在比较国际上其他国家的相关政策之后,结合非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制存在的上述缺陷提出了完善建议。首先应在严格遵循税收法定主义基础上完善非营利组织税收优惠法律体系。然后有针对性的扩大非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收优惠政策所涉范围、加大税收优惠力度、提高捐赠扣除比例。由此一方面增强非营利组织自身实力使其有能力参与农村公共产品供给,另一方面有利于提高非营利组织参与农村公共服务的积极性。最后通过建立非营利组织特殊税收优惠资格认证制度、严格区分非营利组织的营利性收入和非营利性收入等措施逐步完善非营利组织税收监管体制,藉此保障税收激励政策有效落实。如此方能通过完善的税收激励机制有效解决非营利组织参与农村公共服务之现实困境,促使非营利组织充分参与农村公共服务,提高农村公共服务供给水平,进而“破门拆墙”拉近城乡距离,实现城乡公共服务均等化之宏伟目标。

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

李瑞缘. 非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2014.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制研究
  • dc.title
  • Non-profit organizations to participate in public service in rural tax incentive mechanism research
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20120351021246
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 李瑞缘
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2014
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张怡
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 非营利组织;农村公共服务;税收激励机制;优惠范围;税收监管
  • dc.subject
  • non-profit organization;Rural public service;Tax incentive mechanism;Preferential range;Tax supervision
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 20世纪90年代以来,随着世界经济的快速发展,市场经济发展之客观诉求和各国国内公共服务领域的巨大需求为各国非营利组织发展提供了强大的外源动力。借此契机我国非营利组织也得以快速发展,并在公共服务领域成效显著。面对农村公共服务领域的“政府和市场双重失灵”,要想践行新型城镇化建设实现城乡之间公共服务水平均等化之宏伟目标,应引导作为“第三部门”的非营利组织力量介入并充分发挥其社会服务之功能。然而,与发达国家相比,我国非营利组织起步较晚,成长环境欠佳,故而不可避免的存在“先天不足,后天困难”之弊。因此,我国非营利组织在参与农村公共服务过程中往往面临自身力量不足、积极性不高等现实困境。作为转移支付调节社会财富公平分享的税法之调节功能的有效发挥对鼓励非营利组织参与农村公共服务至关重要。因此,非营利组织参与农村公共服务困境之解决有赖于完善的税收激励机制予以回应。然而,目前我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收激励机制依旧存在诸多缺陷。鉴于此,为更好的通过税收激励机制鼓励非营利组织参与农村公共服务,我们有必要对我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制进行认真研究。本文在理论联系实际基础上,通过非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收优惠政策的国际比较,运用税收法律的基本原理对我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制进行了深入分析和探讨,全文分为五大部分。 第一部分深入分析了我国非营利组织参与农村公共服务之现实依据。分析指出在目前农村公共服务领域面临政府和市场“双重失灵”的情况下,引领非营利组织参与农村公共服务具有现实必要性。 第二部分讲述了非营利组织参与农村公共服务享有税收优惠之理论依据。该部分首先对非营利组织的概念进行了界定,并讲述了非营利组织参与农村公共服务的基本形式;然后分析了非营利组织享有税收优惠的理论依据,并进一步分析了农村非营利组织享有特殊税收优惠的理论依据。 第三部分主要是对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收激励政策进行了认真梳理,主要包括针对非营利组织自身的税收优惠政策和针对社会向非营利组织 捐赠的税收优惠政策。 第四部分通过上述对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收优惠政策之梳理,从中找出我国现行非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制之缺陷。具言之,主要包括税收法定主义缺失、优惠政策零散缺乏统一导向性、现行税收优惠政策缺乏专门针对非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收优惠政策、对社会捐赠的优惠力度不够、税收监管不足等等。 第五部分在比较国际上其他国家的相关政策之后,结合非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制存在的上述缺陷提出了完善建议。首先应在严格遵循税收法定主义基础上完善非营利组织税收优惠法律体系。然后有针对性的扩大非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收优惠政策所涉范围、加大税收优惠力度、提高捐赠扣除比例。由此一方面增强非营利组织自身实力使其有能力参与农村公共产品供给,另一方面有利于提高非营利组织参与农村公共服务的积极性。最后通过建立非营利组织特殊税收优惠资格认证制度、严格区分非营利组织的营利性收入和非营利性收入等措施逐步完善非营利组织税收监管体制,藉此保障税收激励政策有效落实。如此方能通过完善的税收激励机制有效解决非营利组织参与农村公共服务之现实困境,促使非营利组织充分参与农村公共服务,提高农村公共服务供给水平,进而“破门拆墙”拉近城乡距离,实现城乡公共服务均等化之宏伟目标。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • In twentieth Century 90 years, with the rapid development of world economy, the objective demand of the development of market economy and the objective demand of domestic public services provide impetus for all the development of non profit organizations. To take this opportunity , non-profit organizations in our country have been developing rapidly, and have got remarkable achievements in the field of public service. In the face of rural public services in the field of "double failure of government and market", to achieve equality of public services between urban and rural areas the level of grand target, we should guide as the "third sector" non-profit organization forces and give full play to the social service function. However, compared with developed countries, China's non-profit organizations started late, poor growth environment, so there are inevitably "be congenitally deficient, acquired difficulties". Therefore, non-profit organizations participation in the rural public service process often face their own lack of strength, enthusiasm not higher . Effective as a transfer payment adjustment function of social wealth fair share of tax to encourage non-profit organizations to participate in essential public services in rural areas. Therefore, to solve the non-profit organizations in the rural public service predicament depends on perfect tax incentive mechanism to respond. However, the current non-profit organizations in the rural public service tax incentive mechanism of non China still exists many defects. In view of this, in order to better through the tax incentive mechanism to encourage the non-profit organizations participating in the rural public service, we have the necessity to research the tax incentive mechanism of the non-profit organizations participating in the rural public service . Based on the theory with practice, through the international comparison of non-profit organizations in the rural public service tax preferential policy, based on the basic principle of tax law of China's non-profit organizations in the rural public service tax incentive mechanism are analyzed and discussed. The full text is divided into five parts. The first part of the thesis analyzes non-profit organizations participating in the rural public service on the basis of China's non reality. Analysis pointed out that in the face of the current rural public services in the field of government and market "double failure" situation, leading the non-profit organizations to participate in public services in rural areas is necessary. The second part describes the non-profit organizations to participate in public services in rural areas to enjoy preferential tax basis theory. The first part of the concept of non-profit organizations are defined, and describes the basic form of non-profit organizations in the rural public service; and then analyzes the theoretical basis of non-profit organizations enjoy preferential tax, and further analysis of the rural non-profit organizations enjoys special on the theory of tax preference. The third part is the tax incentives for non-profit organizations to participate in public services in rural areas were carefully sorted, including preferential tax policies for non-profit organization's tax policy and the social donations to nonprofit organizations. The fourth part through the non-profit organizations to participate in public services in rural areas the preferential tax policy analysis, find out the shortcomings of China's non-profit organizations in the rural public service tax incentive mechanism. With words, mainly including the statutory tax preferential policies lack, scattered lack of unified guidance, the existing preferential tax policies for the lack of specific non profit organizations in the rural public service, preferential tax policies of social donation is not enough, preferential tax supervision is not enough. The fifth part after comparing related policies of other countries on international, the defects with non-profit organizations to participate in public service in rural tax incentive mechanism put forward improving proposal. Should first improve the tax preferential legal system of non profit organization in strict compliance with the statutory tax basis. Then the expansion of the non profit organizations in the rural public service tax preferential policies, increase the scope of tax preferential policies, improve donation deduction ratio. Thus a non-profit organization's strength to enhance their ability to participate in the supply of rural public goods, on the other hand, is conducive to enhance the enthusiasm of non-profit organizations to participate in public services in rural areas. Finally, through the strict set up duty-free qualification certification system of non-profit organization, distinguish nonprofit profit-making and non-profit income measures to gradually improve the non-profit organization tax supervision system, to ensure the effective implementation of the tax incentive policy. So in order to effectively solve the non-profit organizations in the rural public service dilemma through the improvement of the tax incentive mechanism, the non-profit organizations to participate fully in the rural public service, improve the level of the rural public service supply, then "break wall" narrowed the distance between urban and rural areas, to achieve the equalization of urban-rural public service of the grand goal.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-01-19
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2014-05-27
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 目 录引言……………………………………………………………………………………1 一、非营利组织参与农村公共服务之现实依据……………………………………2 二、非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收优惠之理论依据…………………………5 (一)相关概念界定……………………………………………………………5 (二)非营利组织享有税收优惠的理论依据…………………………………7 (三)农村非营利组织享受特殊税收优惠的理论依据………………………9 三、非营利组织参与农村公共服务的税收激励政策梳理…………………………9 (一)针对非营利组织本身的税收优惠政策…………………………………10 (二)向非营利组织捐赠的税收优惠政策……………………………………13 四、非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制之缺陷……………………… 14 (一)现行税收激励机制与税收法定原则相悖………………………………14 (二)税收优惠政策零散缺乏统一导向性…………………………………… 16 (三)现行非营利组织税收激励机制缺乏针对性…………………………… 16 (四)社会捐赠税收优惠不健全致使鼓励不足……………………………… 17 (五)非营利组织税收激励机制的税收监管不健全………………………… 18 五、完善非营利组织参与农村公共服务税收激励机制的建议……………………20 (一)完善立法体系以缝合立法之缺陷……………………………………… 20 (二)给予农村非营利组织特殊的税收优惠…………………………………21 (三)调整捐赠税收优惠制度以确保资金来源………………………………21 (四)加强税收监管以规范征管之秩序………………………………………24 六、结尾语………………………………………………………………………………………27 参考文献…………………………………………………………………………… 29 致 谢…………………………………………………………………………… 30 攻读硕士期间发表的学术论文…………………………………………………………… 31
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