中国古代朋党政治的相关理念浅析

Analyze the Related Concept of Pengdang politics

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作者:

胡夏枫

导师:

肖唐镖 ;肖唐镖

导师单位:

政治与公共管理学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

朋党;党争;官僚体制;特权

摘要:

朋党政治是中国古代官僚政治的重要组成部分,吸引了诸多学者的目光和孜孜不倦的研究。朋党虽然已经是过去式,但朋党的一些思想和人文却早已沉淀在我们的历史长河中,值得我们对其进行客观、理性的评价,笔者搜集了中国古代关于朋党政治的古籍文献33篇,利用文献研究法和比较研究法,通过对33篇古籍文献的逐篇详细解读和分析,力图解释古人对于朋党政治的理念变化特征和历史传承性,以此来审视当今纷繁复杂的政治社会中的现实问题。本文主要分为三部分,第一部分绪论,主要针对选题的研究意义、相关研究现状、以及本文的研究思路、方法、创新和不足等进行概述;第二部分对中国古代朋党政治进行基本阐述,解释了朋党的内涵,以及朋党政治在古代和近现代的发展;第三部分对中国古代33篇关于朋党的古籍文献进行详尽的解读和分析,探索古人关于朋党理念的变迁规律及其历史局限。通过研究发现,朋党作为一种政治发展的产物,深刻存在于中国历史的痕迹中,并在不同的历史时期有不同的变化和发展。自先秦开始,古人对于朋党政治所持的立场和态度各有不同,大体上可以分为两派观点:一种观点认为,朋党于国家有重大的危害,坚决反对朋党,并提出严厉的批评;而另一种观点则认为,朋党分为君子之党与小人之党,不能否认君子之党的优势作用,而主张支持君子之党。尽管对于这两种立场的论战一直存在于中国古代的政治历史中,此消彼长,各派观点由于受历史条件所限,也多有局限性。但不可否认,各派的支持论据也都在随着时代的发展而不断呈现新的变化。与此同时,古人对于朋党的性质和论述基调也经历由最初贬义经由汉唐时代转变后,过渡到宋代中性定义,最终走向明清贬义色彩重现的道路。自西周、春秋战国有了对朋党的论述起,朋党就被定义为小人行径、危害国家和社会的贬义内涵;经历了汉唐政治斗争的洗礼,其性质才发生了微妙的转变,发展到宋代,,区分了君子之党与小人之党,发展为“君子有党”,使“朋党”成为了一个中性表达;到了明清两代,由于统治者的极力贬斥和官僚士大夫的论证,“朋党”又被打上了贬义标签而延续下来。不得不承认,古人对于朋党的政治理念更多的是受当时所处的时代背景、历史条件、社会环境的影响而应运而生,都带有深刻的时代烙印。这就为我们研究当下政治世界的复杂形势提供了一条可供摸索的途径。

参考文献:

81

学科:

政治学理论

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

胡夏枫. 中国古代朋党政治的相关理念浅析[D]. 西南政法大学,2012.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 中国古代朋党政治的相关理念浅析
  • dc.title
  • Analyze the Related Concept of Pengdang politics
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20090302011260
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 胡夏枫
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 政治与公共管理学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2012
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 肖唐镖;肖唐镖
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 政治与公共管理学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 朋党;党争;官僚体制;特权
  • dc.subject
  • clique;faction;private privilege;bureaucrat
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 朋党政治是中国古代官僚政治的重要组成部分,吸引了诸多学者的目光和孜孜不倦的研究。朋党虽然已经是过去式,但朋党的一些思想和人文却早已沉淀在我们的历史长河中,值得我们对其进行客观、理性的评价,笔者搜集了中国古代关于朋党政治的古籍文献33篇,利用文献研究法和比较研究法,通过对33篇古籍文献的逐篇详细解读和分析,力图解释古人对于朋党政治的理念变化特征和历史传承性,以此来审视当今纷繁复杂的政治社会中的现实问题。本文主要分为三部分,第一部分绪论,主要针对选题的研究意义、相关研究现状、以及本文的研究思路、方法、创新和不足等进行概述;第二部分对中国古代朋党政治进行基本阐述,解释了朋党的内涵,以及朋党政治在古代和近现代的发展;第三部分对中国古代33篇关于朋党的古籍文献进行详尽的解读和分析,探索古人关于朋党理念的变迁规律及其历史局限。通过研究发现,朋党作为一种政治发展的产物,深刻存在于中国历史的痕迹中,并在不同的历史时期有不同的变化和发展。自先秦开始,古人对于朋党政治所持的立场和态度各有不同,大体上可以分为两派观点:一种观点认为,朋党于国家有重大的危害,坚决反对朋党,并提出严厉的批评;而另一种观点则认为,朋党分为君子之党与小人之党,不能否认君子之党的优势作用,而主张支持君子之党。尽管对于这两种立场的论战一直存在于中国古代的政治历史中,此消彼长,各派观点由于受历史条件所限,也多有局限性。但不可否认,各派的支持论据也都在随着时代的发展而不断呈现新的变化。与此同时,古人对于朋党的性质和论述基调也经历由最初贬义经由汉唐时代转变后,过渡到宋代中性定义,最终走向明清贬义色彩重现的道路。自西周、春秋战国有了对朋党的论述起,朋党就被定义为小人行径、危害国家和社会的贬义内涵;经历了汉唐政治斗争的洗礼,其性质才发生了微妙的转变,发展到宋代,,区分了君子之党与小人之党,发展为“君子有党”,使“朋党”成为了一个中性表达;到了明清两代,由于统治者的极力贬斥和官僚士大夫的论证,“朋党”又被打上了贬义标签而延续下来。不得不承认,古人对于朋党的政治理念更多的是受当时所处的时代背景、历史条件、社会环境的影响而应运而生,都带有深刻的时代烙印。这就为我们研究当下政治世界的复杂形势提供了一条可供摸索的途径。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Partisan politics is a very important part of the bureaucracy in the ancient China,it attracts the interest and diligent research of many scholars.Although partisan politics already is past, but some of the thoughts and the humanities about Partisan politics has been deposited in our history of China, is worth us the objective and rational evaluation, the author collected many ancient documents and articles about the ancient Chinese Partisan politics , using the literature research method and comparative research method, through the 33 articles of the ancient documents by article detailed interpretation and analysis, tries to explain the concept of the ancients about Partisan politics change characteristics and historical reproductivity, and check the complicated political society the practical problem nowadays.This paper mainly divided into three parts. the first part is the introduction, mainly in the selected topic the significance, the related research current situation, and the train of thought, the method, the innovation and the insufficiency, etc are summarized; The second part elaborated the Chinese ancient Partisan politics , and explains the connotation of the Partisan politics, and the development in the ancient and modern times; The third part is about the ancient documents for detailed interpretation and analysis, explore the concept of the ancients about Partisan politics change rule and its historical limitations.Through the research, I found that Partisan politics as a kind of political development product, profoundly exist in Chinese historym and in the different historical period have different change and development. Start from the pre-qin dynasty, the ancients for Partisan politics positions and attitudes were different, and may generally be divided into two views: one thinks Partisan politics in countries is a major hazard, firmly opposed Partisan politics, and put forward the severe criticism; And the other argument that, Partisan politics divided into the party of gentlemen and the party of villain,we can not deny that the the party of gentlemen's advantage, and claim support the party. Although, for the two standpoint, the controversy has been existed in ancient political history, marked, parties, due to the conditions that history view limit, and many have limitations. At the same time, the ancients for the nature and discourse keynote of the Partisan was derogatory,after the Han dynasty and Tang dynasty, changed to be neutral in Song dynasty,and then finally head for the derogatory sense again in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty. From the western zhou dynasty, the Spring and Autumn period and the warring states period that the Partisan politics has been discussed , the partisan was defined as the derogatory sense of villain, endangering state and social behavior; Experienced the baptism of the political struggle in Han dynasty and Tang dynasty, the nature had a subtle change, and then ran to Song dynasty, the party of gentlemen and the party of villain has been distinguished, afterwards develop to the "gentleman with the party", the "Partisan" became a neutral expression; In the Ming and qing dynasties, because of the rulers to demote and bureaucratic literati and officialdom's argument, "Partisan" was marked the derogatory labels and continue down.But no doubt, the support of the factions of the argument are emerged as the era of continuous development and present the new changes,and we Have to admit that the ancients for Partisan politics ideas more is affected by at that time of age in background, historical conditions, the effect of social environment and arises at the historic moment, all has the deep imprint of the era. So, It is for us to study the political world which has complex situation provides a way to grope and development.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D0
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-23
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2012-05-04
  • dc.relation.citedreferences
  • 81
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 目 录一、绪论.................................................... 1(一)问题的提出............................................... 1(二)研究现状................................................. 1(三)研究思路及方法............................................3(四)研究的主要创新点及不足.....................................4二、中国古代朋党政治概述..................................... 5(一)朋党的涵义................................................ 5(二)朋党的历史发展............................................ 6三、朋党政治的文献解读...................................... 10(一)古代文献中的“朋党论”综述............................... 10(二)历代“朋党论”的类型分析................................. 17(三)历代关于“朋党论”的理念变迁............................. 29(四)历代“朋党论”的共同局限................................. 35四、结论................................................... 37参考文献................................................... 40致 谢................................................... 44
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