论对生命紧急避险的伦理基础

On the Ethical Basis of Emergence Safe-haven

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归属学者：

高维俭

归属院系：

法学院

作者：

贾银生 ; 高维俭

摘要：

破解生命冲突时紧急避险的难题,找到恰当的伦理基础至关重要。以功利主义思想为伦理基础,违背了"生命至高无上不能量化比较"的命题;以依托于罗尔斯式正义论的社会团结义务理论为伦理基础,将正义独立于善,又与社会一般观念不符。而以内置于善的正义观为伦理基础,强调正义须以善为根本,不仅与社会一般观念相符,且能与刑法理论相契合,可以系统性地解决难题。据此,在纯粹利他的攻击型紧急避险、在防御型和竞合型紧急避险中,避险人的行为都有正当化的可能;在纯粹自利的攻击型紧急避险中,避险人的行为并不能被正当化,原则上只能以期待可能性理论来出罪。

语种：

中文

出版日期：

2018-02-20

学科：

伦理学

提交日期：

2018-04-20

引用参考：

贾银生;高维俭. 论对生命紧急避险的伦理基础[J]. 南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版),2018(01):24-31.

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知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 论对生命紧急避险的伦理基础
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 贾银生;高维俭
  • dc.contributor.author
  • JIA Yin-sheng;GAO Wei-jian;School of Law, Southwest University of Political Science & Law
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 西南政法大学法学院;
  • dc.publisher
  • 南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)
  • dc.publisher
  • Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2018
  • dc.identifier.issue
  • 01
  • dc.identifier.volume
  • v.49;No.195
  • dc.identifier.page
  • 24-31
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2018-02-20
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 生命冲突;;紧急避险;;伦理基础;;社会共善
  • dc.subject
  • life conflict;;emergence safe-haven;;ethic basics;;social common kindness
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 破解生命冲突时紧急避险的难题,找到恰当的伦理基础至关重要。以功利主义思想为伦理基础,违背了"生命至高无上不能量化比较"的命题;以依托于罗尔斯式正义论的社会团结义务理论为伦理基础,将正义独立于善,又与社会一般观念不符。而以内置于善的正义观为伦理基础,强调正义须以善为根本,不仅与社会一般观念相符,且能与刑法理论相契合,可以系统性地解决难题。据此,在纯粹利他的攻击型紧急避险、在防御型和竞合型紧急避险中,避险人的行为都有正当化的可能;在纯粹自利的攻击型紧急避险中,避险人的行为并不能被正当化,原则上只能以期待可能性理论来出罪。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • It is vital to find out proper ethical basis to solve the problem of "killing one person to save a great number of other lives". On the one hand,we regard utilitarianism as the ethical basis and will undoubtedly violate the statement of "Life is supreme,and it cannot be compared in quantity". On the other hand,if we take social solidarity obligation that is based on Rawls' s theory of justice as the ethical basis,and separate justice from kindness in result,we will not accord with general conceptions in the society. However,if we consider the theory of justice that is included in kindness as the ethical basis,and emphasize that justice must be rooted in kindness,we will not only coincide with general concepts of the society,but also connect with the theory of criminal law,thus solving the problem systematically. Based on this ethical basis,in purely altruistic aggressive necessity,as well as the defensive and competitive-cooperative necessity,the act of the person who takes necessity is likely to be legitimized. Nevertheless,in purely self-interested aggressive necessity,the act of the person who takes necessity is unlikely to be legitimized. In principle,exoneration is only expected to be achieved by the theory of possibility.
  • dc.description.sponsorship
  • 国家社会科学基金项目“刑法解释原理之系统归正研究”(17BFX075)
  • dc.description.sponsorshipsource
  • 国家社会科学基金
  • dc.identifier.CN
  • 36-1195/C
  • dc.identifier.issn
  • 1006-0448
  • dc.identifier.if
  • 0.225
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • B82-05
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