论辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用

To Research the Function of a Lawyer in the Examining Prosecution Phase

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归属院系:

法学院

作者:

周孝灿

导师:

冯涛

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

审查起诉;律师帮助;犯罪嫌疑人;国际标准

摘要:

全文由引言、正文和结语组成,共计三万余字。其中,正文分为三个部分。 引言部分主要介绍了本文研究的范围、目的以及国内国际研究的现状,为本文的正文部分引出相关国际刑事司法准则作了铺垫。结语部分对本文的主要观点进行了总结。 正文的第一部分论及了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用及其实现的国际准则。该部分首先简要论述了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的应有作用。然后,立足于联合国相关公约,对律师帮助原则和律师责任进行比较考察,并把律师帮助的相关国际准则作为底限标准,进一步探寻辩护律师在审查起诉阶段充分发挥作用的保障举措,继而为本文第二、三部分提供参照系数和类比模型。 正文的第二部分阐述了辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段作用发挥的现状及反思,主要是对存在问题和陈因进行透视。首先,针对存在的问题,主要侧重于对现行法律、司法解释及其相关规定对辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段享有哪些权利和应履行哪些义务进行归纳并作简要的评析;同时,结合司法实践,进一步审视这些书面上权利在实践运行中存在的困境,直观地展示了辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段作用发挥的真实状态。其中,主要存在的问题有:诉辩双方获取信息的途径失衡和诉讼中保护辩方权益的法律规范不完善。古语云:“工欲善其事,必先利其器”,此语结合律师辩护制度,则意味着辩护律师要能真正、有效地履行辩护职责,必须要占据一定数量的有利于犯罪嫌疑人的证据信息,否则,律师的辩护就会成为“无米之炊”。基于此,笔者重点论及了“诉辩双方在审查起诉阶段获取信息的途径失衡”部分,凸显立法规定的异化和缺失,其存在的具体问题包括:辩护律师会见犯罪嫌疑人难、辩护律师阅卷难、辩护律师调查取证难、辩护律师交换意见难、辩护律师对诉讼程序知悉权缺少法律规定。其次,基于存在的问题,进一步剖析了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段未能充分发挥应有作用之成因。原因可归结为:立法的缺陷、制度的缺损、观念的滞后、审前诉讼结构的非诉化、律师队伍自身的因素。 正文的第三部分为完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段作用之改革举措,总共包含四个方面,即更新诉讼观念、优化诉讼结构、革新立法、相关配套机制的构建。其中,“革新立法”和“相关配套机制的构建”为该部分的重点论及对象。首先,就“革新立法”而言,笔者主张,应遵循国际刑事司法准则,完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的执业权利,使辩护律师在审查起诉阶段能够摆脱行使法定诉讼权利所遭遇到的困境。此外,法谚云:“无救济即无权利”。因此,为避免辩护律师在审查起诉阶段所享有的法定诉讼权利不徒具空文,就必须加强对辩护律师执业权利的保障。有鉴于此,笔者从诉讼程序意义上的救济机制予以探索,主要从理顺有效的救济途径和引入程序性制裁机制两个层面进行阐述,希冀权利得以落实,作用得以发挥。最后,就“相关配套机制的构建”而言,笔者认为,完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段作用是一项系统性的工程,因此需要建立健全相关的配套机制。在制度设计上,应完善法律援助制度、构建诉前证据开示制度、建立刑事辩护准入制度、建立健全律师执业行为规范约束机制,其目的是为充分发挥辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用提供制度的支撑。在程序设置上,应确立辩诉协商中的辩护律师作用、刑事和解中的辩护律师作用,其目的是为辩护律师在审查起诉阶段充分发挥作用搭建更多的程序平台。

学科:

诉讼法学

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

周孝灿. 论辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用[D]. 西南政法大学,2009.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 论辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用
  • dc.title
  • To Research the Function of a Lawyer in the Examining Prosecution Phase
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20060301060596
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 周孝灿
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2009
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 冯涛
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 审查起诉;;律师帮助;;犯罪嫌疑人;;国际标准
  • dc.subject
  • Examining Prosecution;; Counsel's Assistance;; Criminal Suspect;; The International Standards
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 全文由引言、正文和结语组成,共计三万余字。其中,正文分为三个部分。 引言部分主要介绍了本文研究的范围、目的以及国内国际研究的现状,为本文的正文部分引出相关国际刑事司法准则作了铺垫。结语部分对本文的主要观点进行了总结。 正文的第一部分论及了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用及其实现的国际准则。该部分首先简要论述了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的应有作用。然后,立足于联合国相关公约,对律师帮助原则和律师责任进行比较考察,并把律师帮助的相关国际准则作为底限标准,进一步探寻辩护律师在审查起诉阶段充分发挥作用的保障举措,继而为本文第二、三部分提供参照系数和类比模型。 正文的第二部分阐述了辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段作用发挥的现状及反思,主要是对存在问题和陈因进行透视。首先,针对存在的问题,主要侧重于对现行法律、司法解释及其相关规定对辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段享有哪些权利和应履行哪些义务进行归纳并作简要的评析;同时,结合司法实践,进一步审视这些书面上权利在实践运行中存在的困境,直观地展示了辩护律师在我国审查起诉阶段作用发挥的真实状态。其中,主要存在的问题有:诉辩双方获取信息的途径失衡和诉讼中保护辩方权益的法律规范不完善。古语云:“工欲善其事,必先利其器”,此语结合律师辩护制度,则意味着辩护律师要能真正、有效地履行辩护职责,必须要占据一定数量的有利于犯罪嫌疑人的证据信息,否则,律师的辩护就会成为“无米之炊”。基于此,笔者重点论及了“诉辩双方在审查起诉阶段获取信息的途径失衡”部分,凸显立法规定的异化和缺失,其存在的具体问题包括:辩护律师会见犯罪嫌疑人难、辩护律师阅卷难、辩护律师调查取证难、辩护律师交换意见难、辩护律师对诉讼程序知悉权缺少法律规定。其次,基于存在的问题,进一步剖析了辩护律师在审查起诉阶段未能充分发挥应有作用之成因。原因可归结为:立法的缺陷、制度的缺损、观念的滞后、审前诉讼结构的非诉化、律师队伍自身的因素。 正文的第三部分为完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段作用之改革举措,总共包含四个方面,即更新诉讼观念、优化诉讼结构、革新立法、相关配套机制的构建。其中,“革新立法”和“相关配套机制的构建”为该部分的重点论及对象。首先,就“革新立法”而言,笔者主张,应遵循国际刑事司法准则,完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的执业权利,使辩护律师在审查起诉阶段能够摆脱行使法定诉讼权利所遭遇到的困境。此外,法谚云:“无救济即无权利”。因此,为避免辩护律师在审查起诉阶段所享有的法定诉讼权利不徒具空文,就必须加强对辩护律师执业权利的保障。有鉴于此,笔者从诉讼程序意义上的救济机制予以探索,主要从理顺有效的救济途径和引入程序性制裁机制两个层面进行阐述,希冀权利得以落实,作用得以发挥。最后,就“相关配套机制的构建”而言,笔者认为,完善和强化辩护律师在审查起诉阶段作用是一项系统性的工程,因此需要建立健全相关的配套机制。在制度设计上,应完善法律援助制度、构建诉前证据开示制度、建立刑事辩护准入制度、建立健全律师执业行为规范约束机制,其目的是为充分发挥辩护律师在审查起诉阶段的作用提供制度的支撑。在程序设置上,应确立辩诉协商中的辩护律师作用、刑事和解中的辩护律师作用,其目的是为辩护律师在审查起诉阶段充分发挥作用搭建更多的程序平台。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • This article consists of three parts, namely, the introduction, the body and the conclusion, with a total of more than thirty thousand words. And the body also consists of three parts. The purpose as well as the scope of this study is introduced in the prelude, leading to the presentation of the International Standards of Justice in the body part. Finally the main points of this article are concluded. The first part deals with the role of a counsel in the examining prosecution phase and the international standards of his or her implementation. It starts with a brief introduction of the significance of a counsel's part in the examining prosecution phase. then, based on he relevant conventions of the UN, examining the principles and responsibilities in a counsel's work ,which are served as general guidelines. As the starting point of the former part, the roles and the norms function as a reference and an analog model for the following parts. The second part reviews the current situation of a counsel in playing his or her role in the examining prosecution phase in China, concentrating on the problems and their corresponding reasons. First, in response to these problems, via explaining the existing laws, judicial provisions as well as the relevant regulations, it concludes the rights and obligations of a counsel in examining prosecution phase and then provides a brief analysis of them. In the meantime, it examines the difficulties in the operation of these written rights in the reality, observed form some judicial cases, providing a true picture in playing a counsel's role in this phase. And they are mainly exemplified in the following two aspects: first, there is an imbalance in their access to information; second, it is the imperfectness of the current laws and regulations in safeguarding the rights and interests of the defense. Just as the old saying goes, one must facilitate their browsers in well accomplishing their tasks; combined with a counsel's work, it means that s/he ought to get hung of enough proof in favor of the suspect, in order to carry out his duty effectively. Otherwise, his or her defense might turn out to be void in contents. Consequently, the writer centers on the "the imbalance of access to information between the two parties in the examining prosecution phase", highlighting the alienation as well as the lack of the legislation. The specific issues are summarized as the difficulties in his or her meeting with the suspect, in scoring the paper, in investigating and getting information, in exchanging opinions and in lacking of the knowledge of proceedings of legal provisions. Then in response to these problems, the paper analyzes the possible reasons for their not performing the roles well. In this section, the following reasons are provided and analyzed, including the flaw of legislation, the defect of the system, the obsoleteness of ideas, he structure of examining prosecution is not of a examining prosecution one at all, the counsels of their own factors. The third part deals with the reformation measures taken to improve counsels' roles in examining prosecution phase, it is folded up with four steps, Viz. updating the prosecution ideas, optimizing its structures, reforming its legislation and constructing related mechanisms. And , "renewing the legislation" and "constructing related mechanisms" are seriously referred. First, As to the measure of "renewing the legislation", the writer believes that the a counsel's right of empowering their roles ought to be improved and strengthened according to the International Criminal Law, which in turn helps to solve their problems encountered in this phase. Besides, in the legal filed a saying goes, "no relief, no right". Therefore, to keep significance of a counsel's rights in the examining prosecution phase, it is necessary that his or her professional rights be strengthened. So the writer explores mainly from the procedural relief mechanism, with a hope that these rights can be put into practice. Finally it is s systematic project to improve and strengthen a counsel's role in the examining prosecution phase and the relevant mechanisms need establishing and improving. Thus in the designation of the system, proposals like improving legal helping system, constructing the system of presenting proof before prosecution, establishing the system of criminal defense access, establishing and improving the restrictions to all lawyers professional practice are all aimed to have the counsel perform fully. Also in the set of procedure, the confirmation of a counsel's role in debates, negotiations as well as reconciliations in criminal cases, all aimed to contribute to a counsel's marvelous performance in the examining prosecution phase.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D925.2
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2009-04-08
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2009-06-01
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