宗教裁判所初论

An Introduction to Inquisition

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归属院系:

法学院

作者:

闫克芬

导师:

徐昕

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

宗教裁判所;历史源流;法律渊源;司法人员;诉讼制度

摘要:

宗教裁判所是基督教会设立的,专门审理有关宗教异端、巫术案件,进行“宗教裁判”,以基督教之爱拯救异端罪分子并维持教会权威的司法机构。基督教会产生伊始,异端就存在并与其形影不离。基督教会在与异端相互斗争的基础上蕴含了其内部的司法机构宗教裁判所的产生,在教会权力达到鼎盛时期,宗教裁判所正式建立并得到了一定程度的发展。随着基督教在欧洲地位的下降以及启蒙运动、资产阶级革命的爆发,宗教裁判所也随之没落并最终被改组。 宗教裁判所自建立以来,就不断地受到强烈批评和谴责,被当作是黑暗、愚昧、不宽容和思想禁锢的象征来进行批判。但近年来,随着对宗教裁判所的研究越来越多,人们逐渐地发现宗教裁判所进步和积极的方面。本文以欧洲中世纪神权影响下的宗教裁判所为研究对象,力图从法律和程序规则的角度梳理其历史发展脉络,全面、细致、系统地描述宗教裁判所审判的法律渊源、司法人员和诉讼制度,进而展现宗教裁判所的真实面貌,揭示其存在的价值,并从中发现一些对现代法律有意义的内容。 本文除引言和结语外,正文共有四个部分,内容如下: 引言,从布鲁诺案切入引出宗教裁判所,在对宗教裁判所进行简单介绍并分析其与教会法院的区别后,指出本文的研究意义和价值,同时对国内外有关宗教裁判所的研究历史和研究状况进行梳理,并在此基础上提出本文的研究内容和努力方向。 第一部分介绍了宗教裁判所的历史源流。本部分首先介绍了宗教裁判所产生的历史背景。其次,从法律和程序规则的角度梳理了宗教裁判所建立、发展的历史脉络,对历史上在宗教裁判所建立过程中起决定性作用的教皇通谕、敕令及重大会议进行较为详尽的介绍。最后,简述宗教裁判所的衰落及其功能的转变。 第二部分介绍了宗教裁判所审判的法律渊源,包括教会法、宗教裁判所建立过程中发布的重要的教皇文书和能够直接指导宗教裁判所审判官及相关人员具体办案实践的手册。 第三部分阐述了宗教裁判所的司法人员,具体介绍了宗教裁判所的骨干审判官和其他人员,其中其他人员包括专员、鉴定人、公证人、检察员、书记员、医生、刑吏、狱吏、刽子手。 第四部分论述了宗教裁判所的诉讼制度,具体包括案件范围和诉讼程序。宗教裁判所审理的案件范围包括异端和巫术两类。诉讼程序包括告发、审讯、判决和执行四个环节,其中审讯分为侦讯、传讯、审问、体刑四部分,执行包括执行程序和刑罚,本文还特别论述了宗教裁判所的典型刑罚——火刑。 结语。再次强调宗教裁判所研究的学术意义与人文意趣,指出宗教裁判所对当时社会及后来法律发展的促进作用、对现代法治产生的重要影响。作者希望借此研究纠正偏见,帮助人们客观正确地认识和评价宗教裁判所。 本文作为宗教裁判所的初步研究,具有一定的开拓性,且对宗教裁判所进行了详细的梳理,一定程度上展现了宗教裁判所的真实面貌。但鉴于资料有限,本文对宗教裁判所的研究尚属肤浅,留待今后做更深入的挖掘。

学科:

宗教学; 诉讼法学

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

闫克芬. 宗教裁判所初论[D]. 西南政法大学,2009.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 宗教裁判所初论
  • dc.title
  • An Introduction to Inquisition
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20060301060647
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 闫克芬
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2009
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 徐昕
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 宗教裁判所;;历史源流;;法律渊源;;司法人员;;诉讼制度
  • dc.subject
  • the Inquisition;; Historical origins;; Sources of law;; Judicial officers;; Litigation system
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 宗教裁判所是基督教会设立的,专门审理有关宗教异端、巫术案件,进行“宗教裁判”,以基督教之爱拯救异端罪分子并维持教会权威的司法机构。基督教会产生伊始,异端就存在并与其形影不离。基督教会在与异端相互斗争的基础上蕴含了其内部的司法机构宗教裁判所的产生,在教会权力达到鼎盛时期,宗教裁判所正式建立并得到了一定程度的发展。随着基督教在欧洲地位的下降以及启蒙运动、资产阶级革命的爆发,宗教裁判所也随之没落并最终被改组。 宗教裁判所自建立以来,就不断地受到强烈批评和谴责,被当作是黑暗、愚昧、不宽容和思想禁锢的象征来进行批判。但近年来,随着对宗教裁判所的研究越来越多,人们逐渐地发现宗教裁判所进步和积极的方面。本文以欧洲中世纪神权影响下的宗教裁判所为研究对象,力图从法律和程序规则的角度梳理其历史发展脉络,全面、细致、系统地描述宗教裁判所审判的法律渊源、司法人员和诉讼制度,进而展现宗教裁判所的真实面貌,揭示其存在的价值,并从中发现一些对现代法律有意义的内容。 本文除引言和结语外,正文共有四个部分,内容如下: 引言,从布鲁诺案切入引出宗教裁判所,在对宗教裁判所进行简单介绍并分析其与教会法院的区别后,指出本文的研究意义和价值,同时对国内外有关宗教裁判所的研究历史和研究状况进行梳理,并在此基础上提出本文的研究内容和努力方向。 第一部分介绍了宗教裁判所的历史源流。本部分首先介绍了宗教裁判所产生的历史背景。其次,从法律和程序规则的角度梳理了宗教裁判所建立、发展的历史脉络,对历史上在宗教裁判所建立过程中起决定性作用的教皇通谕、敕令及重大会议进行较为详尽的介绍。最后,简述宗教裁判所的衰落及其功能的转变。 第二部分介绍了宗教裁判所审判的法律渊源,包括教会法、宗教裁判所建立过程中发布的重要的教皇文书和能够直接指导宗教裁判所审判官及相关人员具体办案实践的手册。 第三部分阐述了宗教裁判所的司法人员,具体介绍了宗教裁判所的骨干审判官和其他人员,其中其他人员包括专员、鉴定人、公证人、检察员、书记员、医生、刑吏、狱吏、刽子手。 第四部分论述了宗教裁判所的诉讼制度,具体包括案件范围和诉讼程序。宗教裁判所审理的案件范围包括异端和巫术两类。诉讼程序包括告发、审讯、判决和执行四个环节,其中审讯分为侦讯、传讯、审问、体刑四部分,执行包括执行程序和刑罚,本文还特别论述了宗教裁判所的典型刑罚——火刑。 结语。再次强调宗教裁判所研究的学术意义与人文意趣,指出宗教裁判所对当时社会及后来法律发展的促进作用、对现代法治产生的重要影响。作者希望借此研究纠正偏见,帮助人们客观正确地认识和评价宗教裁判所。 本文作为宗教裁判所的初步研究,具有一定的开拓性,且对宗教裁判所进行了详细的梳理,一定程度上展现了宗教裁判所的真实面貌。但鉴于资料有限,本文对宗教裁判所的研究尚属肤浅,留待今后做更深入的挖掘。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The Inquisition was a judicial institution established by the Church of Christ that dedicated to dealing with matters related to religious heresy or witchcraft cases,and to carry through "Inquisition" to save the Christian heresy and maintain the ecclesiastical authority as the love of the Christianity.The Christian would be at the beginning of heresy on their existence and inseparable.The conflict between the Church of Christ and the Christian heresy lead to the foundation of the Church of Christ's internal judicial institution-the Inquisition. When the church reached its peak of power,the Inquisition had been officially established and had a certain degree of development.With the decline of the status of Christianity in Europe and the breakout of the Enlightenment and the bourgeois revolution,the Inquisition also declined and eventually be restructured. Since its inception,the Inquisition had continually been strongly criticized and condemned as is the darkness,ignorance,intolerance and a symbol of the idea imprisonment. But in recent years,with more and more researches of the Inquisition,people found the positive and progress aspects of it.In this paper,the Inquisition that influenced by the theocratic religious of the European Middle Ages would be the researched object.The researcher would give a comprehensive,detailed and systematic description of sources of law, the judiciary and the litigation system of the Inquisition by carding the historical development context from a legal point of view,and then show the true face of the Inquisition,reveal the value of its existence,and discover some meaningful content for modern law. In addition to the introduction and conclusion of this article,the body of a total of four parts,as follows: The introduction:The Bruno case would be put up first to lead out the Inquisition,and then the brief introduction of the distinction of the Inquisition and the Canon Court would be put up.After that,the meaning and the value of this research would be pointed out.In the mean time,the researcher would sort out the study of history and recent situation of the Inquisition both home and abroad,and put forward the content of this article and the research direction The first part of this article introduced the historical origins of the Inquisition.First,the historical background,secondly,the detailed instruction of the establishment including the Pope's encyclical,edict and major meetings of Royal Decree which played a decisive role, finally,the decline of the Inquisition and its functional changes. The second part introduced the legal sources of the inquisition,which including the Pop's important documents and handbook for guiding the judges and staff related to the specific cases of the Inquisition,which were released during the course of the establishing of the Canon Law and the Inquisition. The third part introduced the judiciary of the Inquisition,specifically the key judges and other personnel,including the Commissioner for one of the other staff,experts,notaries, prosecutors,clerks,doctors,officials punishment,prison officials,executioners. PartⅣdiscusses the religious court system of the proceedings,including the scope and case proceedings.The cases in the Inquisition covered two types:the heresy and the witchcraft.Proceedings included prosecution,trial,decision and implementation.The trial included four parts:proceedings,messaging,interrogation,and physical punishment.The implementation included two parts:procedures and penalties.This article also discusses the typical Inquisition penalty-stake. The conclusion part re-emphasized the humanities academic significance and charms of the researches of the Inquisition,pointed out its positive effect to the society then and there and the subsequent legal developments,and that it had an important impact on the modern rule of law.The author would like to take this research to correct bias,and to help people correctly understand the objective and evaluation of the Inquisition. In this paper,as a preliminary study,the Inquisition has certain ground-breaking.The card of the Inquisition had been detailed.To some extent,the Inquisition was demonstrated the true face.However,in view of the limited information available,this article on the study of the Inquisition is still shallow,leaving it to the future to do more in-depth research.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • B91;D915.1
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2009-04-08
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2009-06-01
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