刑事被告人庭审调查程序研究

On Examination of the Accused

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归属学者:

纪虎

归属院系:

法学院

作者:

纪虎

导师:

孙长永

导师单位:

法学院

学位:

博士

语种:

中文

关键词:

刑事被告人;法庭调查;庭审模式

摘要:

本论文由绪论和五章构成。 绪论部分阐述了本论文的研究动机和研究目的。本文的研究动机主要由两个:一个是实践上的,一个是理论上的。实践中的动机主要来自于笔者对控辩式庭审的司法实践活动。在实践活动中,笔者深深地认识到我国控辩式庭审方式存在的问题,特别是证人不出庭,当庭认证、对被告人调查等问题。理论上的动机主要来自于目前国内的研究状况。目前学术界尚未有人单独对被告人调查程序进行系统研究。本论文的目的就是要强调在深化控辩式庭审方式的同时,特别要注意对被告人调查程序的完善。 第一章对西方刑事被告人诉讼地位的历史演进进行了较详细的追溯。本章叙述方式的一个最大特点,就是在考察西方不同历史时期庭审程序结构的同时,研究了被告人调查程序的特点,特别是对大陆法被告人调查程序的演变过程进行了较详细地考察。 第二章对现代大陆法和英美法刑事被告人调查程序形成的过程、原因、思想基础和诉讼价值进行了认真细致的考察和分析。现代大陆法被告人调查程序是在废止纠问式诉讼的司法刑讯和司法宣誓制度的基础上形成的,深受孟德斯鸠、伏尔泰、贝卡利亚、康德等启蒙思想家所提出的人性主义思想的影响。英美法被告人调查程序的形成过程就是刑事被告人取得作证权的过程。英美法刑事被告人作证制度的形成深受边沁功利主义思想的影响。通过比较会发现,大陆法被告人调查程序更有利于发现案件真实,而英美法被告人调查程序更有利于保障被告人的人权。 第三章对现代职权主义、当事人主义和新型混合式庭审结构的特点分别进行了考察,并进行了横向的比较研究。这样做的目的,主要是想从比较中发现新型混合式庭审方式到底保留了职权主义庭审结构的哪些特征,借鉴了当事人主义庭审结构的哪些特征,期望从中找出一些基本的和规律性的东西,为第五章我国控辩式庭审方式的完善寻求比较法的正当性。除了比较庭审结构外,本章最终把比较的视角落脚在被告人调查程序所适用的规则上。通过比较发现,新型混合式庭审程序中的被告人调查程序已经发上了重大变化:对被告人的调查已经从开头阶段移至辩方举证阶段;对被告人的调查一般采用“交叉询问 职权讯问”模式;被告人享有较完全的自由陈述权。其中,第一项内容吸收了当事人主义的做法,第二项内容是以当事人主义为主,职权主义为辅的混合式做法,第三项内容基本保持了职权主义的风格。 第四章和第五章对我国控辩式庭审方式的结构特征以及被告人调查程序进行了考察。本章首先考察了我国庭审方式和被告人调查程序的演进过程;其次,着重论述了控辩式庭审方式的形成和结构特点,对控辩式庭审方式下的被告人调查程序进行了论述;再次,对深化控辩式庭审方式的原因进行了论证,对被告人调查程序存在的问题进行了细致分析;最后提出,我国应当对控辩式庭审方式进行改革,并应当以完善被告人调查程序为中心来推进改革。本论文提出,被告人调查程序的改革应当借鉴新型混合式诉讼国家或地区的经验,比如赋予被告人辩方证据方法的地位,赋予被告人沉默权,在证据调查程序中,实行“定罪程序”与“量刑程序”的适当分离等。但是,我国不应当完全照搬新型混合式诉讼国家的某些做法,比如在被告人放弃沉默选陈述时,仍然赋予其陈述自由权。这种做法显然违背了被告人作为证据方法应当承担的客观义务,还容易扰乱庭审举证的顺序。因此,本论文提出,在被告人放弃沉默选择陈述时,应当科以被告人如实陈述的法律义务,即被告人作为证据方法时有真实义务。

学科:

诉讼法学

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

纪虎. 刑事被告人庭审调查程序研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2010.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 刑事被告人庭审调查程序研究
  • dc.title
  • On Examination of the Accused
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • B2006030106050
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 纪虎
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 博士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学博士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2010
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 孙长永
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 刑事被告人;法庭调查;庭审模式
  • dc.subject
  • the accused;criminal trial;trial modes
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 本论文由绪论和五章构成。 绪论部分阐述了本论文的研究动机和研究目的。本文的研究动机主要由两个:一个是实践上的,一个是理论上的。实践中的动机主要来自于笔者对控辩式庭审的司法实践活动。在实践活动中,笔者深深地认识到我国控辩式庭审方式存在的问题,特别是证人不出庭,当庭认证、对被告人调查等问题。理论上的动机主要来自于目前国内的研究状况。目前学术界尚未有人单独对被告人调查程序进行系统研究。本论文的目的就是要强调在深化控辩式庭审方式的同时,特别要注意对被告人调查程序的完善。 第一章对西方刑事被告人诉讼地位的历史演进进行了较详细的追溯。本章叙述方式的一个最大特点,就是在考察西方不同历史时期庭审程序结构的同时,研究了被告人调查程序的特点,特别是对大陆法被告人调查程序的演变过程进行了较详细地考察。 第二章对现代大陆法和英美法刑事被告人调查程序形成的过程、原因、思想基础和诉讼价值进行了认真细致的考察和分析。现代大陆法被告人调查程序是在废止纠问式诉讼的司法刑讯和司法宣誓制度的基础上形成的,深受孟德斯鸠、伏尔泰、贝卡利亚、康德等启蒙思想家所提出的人性主义思想的影响。英美法被告人调查程序的形成过程就是刑事被告人取得作证权的过程。英美法刑事被告人作证制度的形成深受边沁功利主义思想的影响。通过比较会发现,大陆法被告人调查程序更有利于发现案件真实,而英美法被告人调查程序更有利于保障被告人的人权。 第三章对现代职权主义、当事人主义和新型混合式庭审结构的特点分别进行了考察,并进行了横向的比较研究。这样做的目的,主要是想从比较中发现新型混合式庭审方式到底保留了职权主义庭审结构的哪些特征,借鉴了当事人主义庭审结构的哪些特征,期望从中找出一些基本的和规律性的东西,为第五章我国控辩式庭审方式的完善寻求比较法的正当性。除了比较庭审结构外,本章最终把比较的视角落脚在被告人调查程序所适用的规则上。通过比较发现,新型混合式庭审程序中的被告人调查程序已经发上了重大变化:对被告人的调查已经从开头阶段移至辩方举证阶段;对被告人的调查一般采用“交叉询问 职权讯问”模式;被告人享有较完全的自由陈述权。其中,第一项内容吸收了当事人主义的做法,第二项内容是以当事人主义为主,职权主义为辅的混合式做法,第三项内容基本保持了职权主义的风格。 第四章和第五章对我国控辩式庭审方式的结构特征以及被告人调查程序进行了考察。本章首先考察了我国庭审方式和被告人调查程序的演进过程;其次,着重论述了控辩式庭审方式的形成和结构特点,对控辩式庭审方式下的被告人调查程序进行了论述;再次,对深化控辩式庭审方式的原因进行了论证,对被告人调查程序存在的问题进行了细致分析;最后提出,我国应当对控辩式庭审方式进行改革,并应当以完善被告人调查程序为中心来推进改革。本论文提出,被告人调查程序的改革应当借鉴新型混合式诉讼国家或地区的经验,比如赋予被告人辩方证据方法的地位,赋予被告人沉默权,在证据调查程序中,实行“定罪程序”与“量刑程序”的适当分离等。但是,我国不应当完全照搬新型混合式诉讼国家的某些做法,比如在被告人放弃沉默选陈述时,仍然赋予其陈述自由权。这种做法显然违背了被告人作为证据方法应当承担的客观义务,还容易扰乱庭审举证的顺序。因此,本论文提出,在被告人放弃沉默选择陈述时,应当科以被告人如实陈述的法律义务,即被告人作为证据方法时有真实义务。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • This dissertation consists of an introduction and five chapters. The research motivations and research purpose are elaborated in the introduction. There are two main reasearch motivations in this dissertation:one is practical, and the other is theoretical. The one from practice chiefly originates from the author's judical practice in China's mixed-modes trials. In actual judicial practice, the author has deeply felt found some problems of China's mixed-modes, especially such problems as the default of appearance on the part of the witnesses, adopt evidences during trial, and investigation of the accused. The thearetical motivation mainly stems from the current domestic research situation. Until now in the academic circles there has been no separate or systematic research into examining procedures for the accused. Thus the purpose of this dissertation is that special attention should be paid to the improvement of examining procedures for the accused while adequate emphasis is laid upon China's mixed-modes. The first chapter is a detailed retrospect on the historical evolution of the accused's status of litigation in the west. The unique feature of this chapter in terms of its statement is that characteristics of examining procedures for the accused is studied, espeically a textual research is conducted at length on the evolution of examining procedures for the accused in continental law, whereas trial modes in different periods of western history are simultaneously surveyed. The second chapter contains the elaborate and meticulous investigation and analysis on the process, cause, thought, basis, and actionable value of the formation of examining procedures for the accused in modern civil law and common law. In modern civil law, examining procedures for the accused is formulated following the abolishment of inquisitional proceedings that feature inquisition by torture and judicial oath system, and the said procedures have been profoundly influenced by the humanist thought of enlightment thinkers like Montesquieu, Voltaire, Beccaria, and Kant. The process of the formation of the examining procedures for the accused in common law is the one in which the accused accquires the right to testify. The formation of the system in which the accused is a witness in common law is greatly influenced by Benthamism. Through comparative analysis it is found that the inquisitorial procedures for the accused in the civil law system are more benefical to the discovery of the merits of cases, while the counterparts in common law sytem can better guarantee the human right of accused. The third chapter examines respectively the traits of the mixed-modes, and meanwhile a transverse comparative study is conducted. The primary purpose of doing this is to discover by comparason which features from the mode of the court-control have been maintained in the mixed-modes and which features in the mixed-modes have been employed in reference to the party-control in the hope of finding somthing general and regular so that they can justify the improvement of China's comparative law discussed in Chapter V in terms of China's mixed-modes. Apart from the comparason of court trial modes, this chapter eventually puts the comparative perspective on the principles applicable to the examining procedure for the accused. It is found by comparason that in the mixed-modes, examining procedure for the accused have been greatly altered:the inquisitorial investigation against the accused has been replaced from the opening stage to the evidence presentaton stage by the defense; the mode of"cross-examination interrogation by court-control"is generally adopted in the investigation against the accused; and the accused enjoys relatively complete right to state his own case. Among the changes, the first one stems from the practice of the trial mode of party-control; the second change mainly features party-control, and the third fundamentally maintains the style of court control. The fourth and fifth chapters examine procedural features of China's mixed-modes and also examine the examining procedures for the accused. Two chapters first examine the gradual process ofthe China's court trial mode and inquisitorial procedures for the accused. Then come the key expoundation on the formation and procedural features of China's mixed-modes and examining procedures for the accused are analyzed under China's mixed-modes. What follows next are the expoundation and proof of the reasons why China's mixed-modes should be strengthened together with the meticulous analysis of existing problems in the examining procedures for the accused. Finally, the author points out that China should reform the current China's mixed-modes and promote such reform by focusing on the improvement of examining procedures for the accused. This dissertaion puts forward the following argumentation:the reform of examining procedures for the accused should be conducted in reference to the experience of those contries and regions with the trial mixed-mode. For instance, the accused can be the defense's proof means and be granted the right to silence; and and during investigating evidences, "convicting" and "sentencing" can be properly separated. However, China should not indiscriminately imitate certain practice of those countries with the trial mixed-mode, such as the investment of liberty right to the accused notwithstanding the accused has renounced his right to silence and choose to state his case. Such practice apparently violates the objective duty to be undertaken by the accused as proof means, and it is also likely to disturb the order of evidence presentation at court. This dissertation whereby raises this point:when the accused renounces his right to silence and choose to state his case, he shall be imposed legal liabilities to tell truth, that is, the objective duty on the part of the accused as proof means.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D925.2
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2010-03-08
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